High-Resolution Ultrasound Promises Quicker Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Study Shows - Video

Biopsies guided by high resolution ultrasound are as effective as those using MRI in diagnosing prostate cancer, an international clinical trial has shown.

The technology, called micro-ultrasound, is cheaper and easier to use than MRI. It could significantly speed up diagnosis, reduce the need for multiple hospital visits and free up MRI for other uses, researchers say.

The results of the OPTIMUM trial are presented at the European Association of Urology Congress in Madrid and published in

JAMA.

OPTIMUM is the first randomised trial to compare micro-ultrasound (microUS) guided biopsy with MRI-guided biopsy for prostate cancer. It involves 677 men who underwent biopsy at 19 hospitals across Canada, the USA and Europe. Of these, half underwent MRI-guided biopsy, a third received microUS-guided biopsy followed by MRI-guided biopsy and the remainder received microUS-guided biopsy alone.

MicroUS was able to identify prostate cancer as effectively as MRI-guided biopsy, with very similar rates of detection across all three arms of the trial. There was little difference even in the group who received both types of biopsies, with the microUS detecting the majority of significant cancers.

The results of the OPTIMUM trial could have a similar impact to the first introduction of MRI, according to lead researcher on the trial, When MRI first emerged and you could image prostate cancer accurately for the first time to do targeted biopsies, that was a gamechanger,” he recalls. “But MRI isn’t perfect. It’s expensive. It can be challenging to get access to it quickly. It requires a lot of experience to interpret properly. And it uses gadolinium which has some toxicity. Not all patients can have MRI, if they have replacement hips or pacemakers for example.

The ease and cost of micro-ultrasound means it could be an important tool for screening programmes as well, but further research would be needed to understand its potential role in that setting.

Ref: Kinnaird A, Luger F, Cash H, et al. Microultrasonography-Guided vs MRI-Guided Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: The OPTIMUM Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. Published online March 23, 2025. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.3579