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Scientists find new ways in which reproduction permanently alters females' bones - Video

Published On 2 Nov 2022 3:45 AM  |  Updated On 2 Nov 2022 3:45 AM
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Overview

A rceent discovery sheds new light on how giving birth can permanently change the body.

"A bone is not a static and dead portion of the skeleton," notes NYU anthropologist Shara Bailey, one of the study's authors. "It continuously adjusts and responds to physiological processes."explains Paola Cerrito, who led the research as a doctoral student in NYU's Department of Anthropology and College of Dentistry.

"Our findings provide additional evidence of the profound impact that reproduction has on the female organism, further demonstrating that the skeleton is not a static organ, but a dynamic one that changes with life events,"

Specifically, the researchers found that calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus concentrations are lower in females who have experienced reproduction. These changes are linked to giving birth itself and to lactation.

However, they caution that while other clinical studies show calcium and phosphorus are necessary for optimal bone strength, the new findings do not address overall health implications for either primates or humans. Rather, they say, the work illuminates the dynamic nature of our bones.

The other authors of the study, which appears in the journal PLOS ONE, are Timothy Bromage, a professor in NYU College of Dentistry, Bin Hu, an adjunct professor at NYU College of Dentistry, Justin Goldstein, a doctoral candidate at Texas State University, and Rachel Kalisher, a doctoral candidate at Brown University.

It's been long-established that menopause can have an effect on females' bones. Less clear is how preceding life-cycle events, such as reproduction, can influence skeletal composition. To address this, the researchers studied the primary lamellar bone-the main type of bone in a mature skeleton. This aspect of the skeleton is an ideal part of the body to examine because it changes over time and leaves biological markers of these changes, allowing scientists to monitor alterations during the life span.

In the PLOS ONE study, the researchers examined the growth rate of lamellar bone in the femora, or thigh bones, of both female and male primates who had lived at the Sabana Seca Field Station in Puerto Rico and died of natural causes. Veterinarians at the field station had monitored and recorded information on these primates' health and reproductive history, allowing the researchers to match bone-composition changes to life events with notable precision.

Cerrito and her colleagues used electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis-commonly deployed methods to gauge the chemical composition of tissue samples-to calculate changes in concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, oxygen, magnesium, and sodium in the primates' bones.

Their results showed different concentrations of some of these elements in females who gave birth compared males as well as females who did not give birth. Specifically, in females who gave birth, calcium and phosphorus were lower in bone formed during reproductive events. Moreover, there was a significant decline in magnesium concentration during these primates' breastfeeding of infants.

"Our research shows that even before the cessation of fertility the skeleton responds dynamically to changes in reproductive status," says Cerrito, now a research fellow at ETH Zurich. "Moreover, these findings reaffirm the significant impact giving birth has on a female organism-quite simply, evidence of reproduction is 'written in the bones' for life."

Reference:

Paola Cerrito et al,PLoS ONE, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0276866

Speakers

Isra Zaman

B.Sc Life Sciences, M.Sc Biotechnology, B.Ed

Isra Zaman is a Life Science graduate from Daulat Ram College, Delhi University, and a postgraduate in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a flair for writing, and her roles at Medicaldialogues include that of a Sr. content writer and a medical correspondent. Her news pieces cover recent discoveries and updates from the health and medicine sector. She can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
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