Study of Nearly 10,000 Patients Identifies Effective Knee Arthritis Pain Relief Options - Video

Knee braces, water-based therapy and exercise may offer effective drug-free options for managing knee osteoarthritis, according to a large analysis published in PLOS One.

The study analysed 139 clinical trials involving nearly 10,000 people. The team compared 12 treatments, including knee braces, hydrotherapy, exercise, laser therapy, electrical stimulation, insoles, kinesiology tape, shock wave therapy and ultrasound.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common joint condition that can cause pain, stiffness and difficulty moving. While anti-inflammatory medicines are often used to manage symptoms, use can carry gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks, increasing interest in non-drug approaches.

Researchers used a network meta-analysis, a method that allows several treatments to be compared using evidence from different studies. Knee braces performed well, with findings suggesting improvements in pain, stiffness and physical function.

Hydrotherapy, which involves exercise or treatment in warm water, was especially helpful for reducing pain. Regular exercise also showed consistent benefits, improving pain and physical function.

Some technology-based treatments showed benefits in specific areas. High-intensity laser therapy and shock wave therapy appeared promising in certain comparisons. Ultrasound, however, repeatedly ranked among the least effective treatments.

The findings suggest that relatively simple treatments may provide benefits without requiring medicines. Knee braces can help support the joint, while water-based exercise can reduce stress on painful joints and make movement easier. Exercise can also help maintain strength and mobility around the knee.

The study also does not establish that one treatment is universally best for every patient in care. Treatment choice may depend on symptoms, mobility, access, safety and cost. Researchers say future studies involving patients and clinicians should examine whether combining therapies provides greater benefits.

REFERENCE: Xiao Chen, Yuanhe Fan, Hongliang Tu, Yuan Luo. Clinical efficacy of different therapeutic options for knee osteoarthritis: A network meta-analysis based on randomized clinical trials. PLOS One, 2025; 20 (6): e0324864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324864