Study Finds Potential Genes that Link Depression to Menstrual Pain - Video

In a new study published in Briefings in Bioinformatics, researchers from China and the UK have found that depression can increase the chances of a person experiencing menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea).

Shuhe Liu, lead author of the study and a PhD student at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool-University (XJTLU), China, says: "We used a specialised technique called Mendelian randomisation to analyse genetic variation and identify specific genes that may mediate the effect of

depression on menstrual pain.

"Our findings provide preliminary evidence that depression may be a cause, rather than a consequence, of dysmenorrhea as we did not find evidence that period pain increased the risk of depression."

The team analysed approximately 600,000 cases from European populations and 8,000 from East Asian populations and saw a strong link in both datasets. They also investigated the possibility that sleeplessness, often experienced by those suffering from depression, was a significant mediator between depression and dysmenorrhea.

"We found that increased sleep disturbances could exacerbate menstrual pain. Addressing sleep issues may therefore be crucial in managing both conditions. However, more research is required to understand the intricate links between these factors," says Liu.

Liu says: "Mental disorders are often not considered when treating conditions such as period pain. Our findings emphasise the importance of mental health screening for people who suffer from severe menstrual pain. We hope this can lead to more personalised treatment options, and improved healthcare, and reduce the stigma surrounding the conditions.

Reference: Shuhe Liu, Zhen Wei, Daniel F Carr, John Moraros, Deciphering the genetic interplay between depression and dysmenorrhea: a Mendelian randomization study, Briefings in Bioinformatics, Volume 26, Issue 1, January 2025, bbae589, https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbae589