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  • Vitamin D and Omega-3...

Vitamin D and Omega-3 supplementation may protect against autoimmune disorders: Study

Written By : MD Editorial Team |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2021-11-09T10:15:40+05:30  |  Updated On 9 Nov 2021 10:22 AM IST
Vitamin D and Omega-3 supplementation may protect against autoimmune disorders: Study
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In observational studies, vitamin D has been inconsistently associated with reduced risk of several autoimmune diseases, and a large randomized, controlled trial has been lacking.

Supplementation with vitamin D and fish oil-derived omega-3 fatty acids may prevent from autoimmune diseases, suggests a large prospective randomized trial. A nationwide randomized trial by Jill Hahn and team revealed that supplementation for 5 years with vitamin D3 and or n-3 fatty acids reduced incident autoimmune disease by 25-30% in older adults than those who received neither supplement. The effect of vitamin D3 appeared to be stronger after 2 years of supplementation.

The findings of the study were presented at the meeting of The American College of Rheumatology.

The ojective of the study was to test both vitamin D3 and n-3 fatty acids for the prevention of autoimmune disease within a large nationwide randomized, controlled trial.

The study was nationwide randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, enrolled men at least 50 years and women at least 55 years of age in a two-by-two factorial design. Randomization to vitamin D3 (2000 IU/d) and/or n-3 fatty acids (1000 mg/d) or placebo occurred from November 2011 to March 2014, and treatment continued through December 2017. The effects tested of vitamin D3 and n-3 fatty acids were upon autoimmune disease incidence. The primary endpoint was total incident autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and all others. Pre-specified secondary endpoints included individual most common autoimmune diseases; and probable autoimmune disease. Results were displayed in cumulative incidence curves and Cox regression models calculated hazard ratios (HR) of incident autoimmune diseases.

The results of the study were

• A total of 25,871 participants were randomized: 71% self-reported non-Hispanic Whites, 20% Black, and 9% other racial/ethnic groups, 51% women, mean age 67.1 years.

• During median follow-up of 5.3 years, confirmed autoimmune disease was diagnosed in 117 participants in the vitamin D3 group and 150 in the placebo group (HR 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.61-1.00, p=0.04).

• Excluding the first 2 years in pre-specified analyses of the primary endpoint, the HR for vitamin D3 was 0.61 (0.43 – 0.86; 137 cases).

• Confirmed autoimmune disease was diagnosed in 123 participants in the n-3 fatty acids group and 144 in the placebo group (HR 0.85 (0.67-1.09). Excluding the first 2 years, the HR for the primary endpoint was 0.90 (0.64-1.26).

Hahn and team concluded that "Supplementation for 5 years with vitamin D3 and/or n-3 fatty acids reduced incident autoimmune disease by 25-30% in older adults vs. those who received neither supplement. The effect of vitamin D3 appeared stronger after 2 years of supplementation"

Reference: Hahn J, Cook N, Alexander E, Friedman S, Bubes V, Walter J, Kotler G, Lee I, Manson J, Costenbader K. Vitamin D and Marine n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Prevention of Autoimmune Disease in the VITAL Randomized Controlled Trial [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021; 73 (suppl 10).


vitamin d supplementationautoimmune disordersthe american college of rheumatology
Source : The American College of Rheumatology
MD Editorial Team
MD Editorial Team

    Medical Dialogues consists of a team of passionate medical/scientific writers, led by doctors and healthcare researchers. Our team efforts to bring you updated and timely news about the important happenings of the medical and healthcare sector. Our editorial team can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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