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Regular consumption of fruits, vegetables lowers death risk in CKD patients
![Regular consumption of fruits, vegetables lowers death risk in CKD patients Regular consumption of fruits, vegetables lowers death risk in CKD patients](https://medicaldialogues.in/h-upload/2023/02/17/750x450_202055-fruits-and-vegetables.webp)
Japan: Everyday consumption of vegetables and fruits may reduce all-cause mortality in patients with CKD (chronic kidney disease), and non-CKD patients, research published in the Journal of Renal Nutrition has claimed.
The Japanese hospital-based study showed that a lower fruit and vegetable intake frequency is notably associated with a higher death risk regardless of CKD status.
Patients with worsening chronic kidney disease are generally discouraged from consuming high amounts of fruits and vegetables, given the potential hyperkalemia risk. However, a lower fruit and vegetable intake is linked with higher mortality in the general population; in a Japanese hospital-based prospective cohort study comprising CKD and non-CKD participants, Minako Wakasugi and colleagues from Japan examined whether vegetable and fruit intake frequency is linked with mortality and whether CKD presence modifies this association.
The study included 2,006 patients who visited the outpatient department of a general hospital between 2008 and 2016 (mean age of 69 years). Among these participants, 7% and 45% were hemodialyses and non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients. The vegetable and fruit intake frequency was found out by a self-report questionnaire using an ordinal scale, "sometimes," "never or rarely, and "every day".
The authors reported the following findings:
· Fruit and vegetable intake frequency decreased with worsening CKD stage.
· Baseline serum potassium levels stratified by CKD stage were comparable across the three fruit and vegetable intake frequency groups.
·561 participants died (47.1/1,000 person-years) during a median follow-up of 5.7 years.
· Adjusted hazard ratios relative to the "everyday" group were 1.25 and 1.60 for the "sometimes" and "never or rarely" groups, respectively, after adjustments for comorbidities, demographic factors, and CKD status.
· A similar, albeit non-significant, dose-dependent relationship was seen between fruit and vegetable intake frequency and all-cause mortality irrespective of CKD status when stratified, with no effect modification by CKD status.
"Participants who sometimes and never/rarely consumed fruits and vegetables had an increased mortality risk compared with participants who consumed vegetables and fruits every day after adjustment for comorbidities, demographic factors, and CKD status," the research team wrote.
"This association was similarly observed irrespective of CKD status, with no effect modification by CKD presence or absence, indicating that everyday consumption of fruits and vegetables may reduce all-cause mortality in CKD as well as non-CKD patients," they conclude.
Reference:
Wakasugi M, Yokoseki A, Wada M, Momotsu T, Sato K, Kawashima H, Nakamura K, Onodera O, Narita I, Vegetable and fruit intake frequency and mortality in patients with and without CKD: A hospital-based cohort study, Journal of Renal Nutrition (2023), doi: https:// doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2023.01.011.
Dr Kartikeya Kohli is an Internal Medicine Consultant at Sitaram Bhartia Hospital in Delhi with super speciality training in Nephrology. He has worked with various eminent hospitals like Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sir Gangaram Hospital. He holds an MBBS from Kasturba Medical College Manipal, DNB Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Diploma in Clinical Research and Business Development, Fellow DNB Nephrology, MRCP and ECFMG Certification. He has been closely associated with India Medical Association South Delhi Branch and Delhi Medical Association and has been organising continuing medical education programs on their behalf from time to time. Further he has been contributing medical articles for their newsletters as well. He is also associated with electronic media and TV for conduction and presentation of health programs. He has been associated with Medical Dialogues for last 3 years and contributing articles on regular basis.
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751