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Uterus Transplant Feasible with 70 Percent Success Rate and Live Births, Amid Frequent Adverse Events: JAMA
![Uterus Transplant Feasible with 70 Percent Success Rate and Live Births, Amid Frequent Adverse Events: JAMA Uterus Transplant Feasible with 70 Percent Success Rate and Live Births, Amid Frequent Adverse Events: JAMA](https://medicaldialogues.in/h-upload/2024/08/16/750x450_248120-uterus-transplant.webp)
USA: In a landmark development, uterus transplants are emerging as a promising solution for women with absolute uterine-factor infertility (AUFI), a condition where the uterus is either absent or non-functional. This breakthrough offers new possibilities for women who previously had no options for carrying a pregnancy.
The study, published in JAMA, revealed that uterus transplantation proved feasible and led to at least one live birth following a successful allograft.
"In this study of 20 participants, 70% of uterus allografts were successful, and all recipients with successful transplants achieved at least one live birth. However, adverse events were prevalent, with medical and surgical risks impacting recipients and donors," the researchers reported.
Uterus transplantation, a relatively new procedure in the field of reproductive medicine, involves surgically placing a healthy uterus from a donor into a recipient who lacks a functional uterus. The procedure has been gaining attention for its potential to enable women with AUFI to experience pregnancy and childbirth. The recent success of several high-profile cases has brought renewed hope to many individuals struggling with this condition.
Against the above background, Giuliano Testa, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, and colleagues aimed to determine whether a uterus transplant is safe and feasible and results in births of healthy infants.
A case series involving 20 participants with uterine-factor infertility and at least one functioning ovary was conducted at a major US tertiary care center between September 14, 2016, and August 23, 2019. These participants underwent uterus transplantation with grafts from 18 living donors and two deceased donors.
The transplants were surgically positioned in the orthotopic location with vascular connections to the external iliac vessels. Participants were given immunosuppressive therapy until the transplanted uterus was either removed following one or two live births or due to graft failure. The primary outcomes measured were the survival of the uterus graft and the occurrence of subsequent live births.
The following were the key findings of the study:
- Of 20 participants (median age, 30 years; 2 Asian, 1 Black, and 16 White), 70% had a successful uterus allograft; all 14 recipients gave birth to at least one live-born infant. Eleven of 20 recipients had at least one complication.
- Maternal or obstetrical complications occurred in 50% of the successful pregnancies, with the most common being gestational hypertension (14%), cervical insufficiency (14%), and preterm labor (14%).
- Among the 16 live-born infants, there were no congenital malformations.
- Four of 18 living donors had grade 3 complications.
The findings showed that uterus transplantation is technically feasible and resulted in a high rate of live births following successful graft survival. However, adverse events were frequent, with both medical and surgical risks impacting recipients and donors.
"To date, no congenital abnormalities or developmental delays have been reported in the children born from these procedures," the researchers concluded.
Reference:
Testa G, McKenna GJ, Wall A, et al. Uterus Transplant in Women With Absolute Uterine-Factor Infertility. JAMA. Published online August 15, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.11679
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751