New biosensor can detect breast cancer at early stage: Study
Spain: A team of researchers from Spain has developed a prototype of a new biosensor, at the laboratory level, for the early detection of breast cancer, according to a recent study in the journal ACS Sensors.
Currently, mammography is the most widely used standard technique for breast cancer diagnosis, but it has some limitations, such as exposure to radiation, and lower sensitivity and specificity in young women with dense breast tissue. "Therefore, new diagnostic tools are needed to aid in the early detection of breast cancer. Our biosensor is along these lines," explains Ana Lluch, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
The development of this biosensor falls within the field known as liquid biopsy, which helps detect the presence of cancer through a blood test. The mesoporous biosensor developed by the UPV-INCLIVA team is easy to use, low cost, and provides results in a very short time -between 30 and 60 minutes- from a sample of the patient's plasma.
The biosensor is composed of a nanomaterial -a nanoporous alumina- that facilitates the detection in plasma of miR-99a-5p microRNA, which is associated with breast cancer. Until now, this has been done by using complex and time-consuming techniques, which means that this system could not be used as a diagnostic tool in the clinical setting.
Martínez Máñez explains how their alternative diagnostic system works: the nanopores of the biosensor are loaded with a dye -rhodamine B- and sealed with an oligonucleotide. When interacting with the plasma sample, if the pore gates do not detect the presence of the microRNA, they remain closed; in contrast, in the presence of miR-99a-5p, the pore gates open and the dye is released. "The change in dye release can be correlated with either healthy or breast cancer patients," summarises Martínez Máñez.
Staff from the IIS La Fe Institute for Health Research, where the tests for the validation of the new biosensors have been carried out, and the Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Cancer (CIBERONC) have also participated in the development of this biosensor.
"The next step in our work will be validating our system in a larger group of patients," concludes Ramón Martínez Máñez.
Reference:
The study titled, "Nanoporous Anodic Alumina-Based Sensor for miR-99a-5p Detection as an Effective Early Breast Cancer Diagnostic Tool," is published in the journal ACS Sensors.
DOI: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssensors.0c02222#
