Metabolic Syndrome Increases Cataract Risk, Especially in 50 + Individuals: Study
Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) face an elevated risk of developing cataracts. In this meta-analysis of 379,464 individuals, cataract risk was 28% higher in those with MetS. The risk was more pronounced in adults over 57 years old and when utilizing the “International Diabetes Federation” criteria for diagnosis. Managing metabolic health may reduce cataract risk, especially in the aging population
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults. However, the evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify this potential association. They conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to July 31, 2024, for observational studies evaluating the association between MetS and cataract. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochrane Q test and I² statistics. Subgroup analyses were performed based on study characteristics. Results: Ten studies with 379,464 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of cataract (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16–1.41, p < 0.001; I² = 90%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association was stronger in participants aged ≥57 years compared to those <57 years (p for subgroup difference <0.001) and in studies using the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS diagnosis compared to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria (p for subgroup difference <0.001). No significant differences were found by geographic region, sex, or cataract types. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Egger’s regression test showed no significant publication bias (p = 0.44). MetS is associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults, particularly in older populations. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop prevention strategies.
Reference:
Liu, C., Zhang, Y., Cao, X. et al. Association between metabolic syndrome and cataract: a meta-analysis. Eye (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03910-2
Keywords:
Metabolic Syndrome, Increases, Cataract Risk, Especially, 50 + Individuals,Liu, C., Zhang, Y., Cao, X, Eye abnormalities, Metabolic disorders, eye
