Outdoor Artificial Light Pollution Tied to Higher Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
As the impact of light pollution on human health gains recognition, a new nationwide study investigates its association with exudative age-related macular degeneration (EAMD). The recent study establishes a clear association between higher levels of residential OALAN and an increased risk of incident EAMD. This study was published in the JAMA Network Open journal by Su Hwan Kim and colleagues.
While the health effects of light pollution are acknowledged, its specific connection to EAMD remains unclear. This comprehensive study aims to uncover potential links between OALAN exposure and the risk of developing EAMD, providing valuable insights into the impact of artificial light on vision. The research delves into the risks posed by exposure to outdoor artificial light at night (OALAN) and highlights potential implications for eye health.
The nationwide population-based case-control study included 126,418 participants aged 50 or older. Individuals with newly diagnosed EAMD between 2010 and 2011 were compared to birth year– and sex-matched controls. OALAN levels at residential addresses during 2008 and 2009 were estimated using satellite data, considering sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, and area-level risk factors.
The key findings of the study were:
An IQR increase in OALAN level was associated with a significant HR of 1.67 for incident EAMD in fully adjusted models.
The exposure-response curve revealed a nonlinear, concave upward slope, particularly pronounced at higher levels of light exposure (around 110 nW/cm2/sr).
Subgroup analysis indicated a higher risk of incident EAMD in urban areas (HR, 1.46) compared to rural areas (HR, 1.01).
The findings emphasize the need for further research, including detailed exposure information, individual adaptive behaviors, and potential mediators, to fully understand the complex relationship between artificial light and eye health.
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