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HCV infection associated with risk of RA in adults: study

Patients infected with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) often present with rheumatic symptoms, but its link to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether HCV infection is related to the risk for RA in adults.
They analyzed data from the 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). HCV infection and RA status were determined through questionnaires. Covariates included gender, age, race, marital status, body mass index (BMI), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and diabetes status.
Multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were used to assess the relationship between HCV infection and RA risk. Results: In this population-based study involving 5,825 participants aged 18–80 years (including 485 RA patients), we observed a significantly higher prevalence of HCV infection in the RA group compared with non-RA controls. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate logistic regression showed that HCV infection was associated with an increased risk of RA (OR = 1.93; 95%CI = 1.07–3.50, p < 0.05).
This study demonstrates that HCV infection is associated with the risk of RA in adults, underscoring the potential value of HCV screening in RA patients for improved disease management. However, causal interpretation is limited by the cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reported data.
Reference:
Tang L, Zhang L, Ding Z, Xu W, Liu Y, Yu Z. Association between hepatitis C virus infection and rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide cross-sectional study. BMC Rheumatol. 2025 May 26;9(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s41927-025-00513-y. PMID: 40420239; PMCID: PMC12105305.
Dr. Shravani Dali has completed her BDS from Pravara institute of medical sciences, loni. Following which she extensively worked in the healthcare sector for 2+ years. She has been actively involved in writing blogs in field of health and wellness. Currently she is pursuing her Masters of public health-health administration from Tata institute of social sciences. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751