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Preoperative Periprosthetic joint infection linked to higher rates of depression: Study

Written By : Dr. Shravani Dali |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2022-02-19T09:00:14+05:30  |  Updated On 19 Feb 2022 9:00 AM IST
Preoperative Periprosthetic joint infection linked to higher rates of depression: Study
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Patients undergoing 2-stage exchange for Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) have a four times higher prevalence of preoperative depressive symptoms than patients undergoing aseptic revision, according to a recent study published in the Arthroplasty Today.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication after total joint arthroplasty. Patients undergoing revision for PJI may experience psychological distress and symptoms of depression, both of which are linked to poor postoperative outcomes. We, therefore, aim to identify the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms in patients before treatment for PJI and their link to functional outcomes.

Patients undergoing either debridement with implant retention (DAIR) or 2-stage exchange for PJI with minimum 1-year follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. The 2-stage (n = 37) and single-stage (n = 39) patients that met inclusion criteria were matched based off age (±5 years), gender, and body mass index (±5) to patients undergoing aseptic revisions. Outcomes evaluated included a preoperative diagnosis of clinical depression and preoperative and postoperative Veterans RAND 12 Item Health Survey mental component score and physical component score.

Results of the study are:

Compared to matched controls, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly greater in patients undergoing 2-stage exchange preoperatively (40.5% vs 10.8%, P < .01) but not postoperatively (21.6% vs 10.8%, P = .20). Patients undergoing DAIR with either preoperative depressive symptoms (31.3 vs 40.9, P = .05) or a preoperative diagnosis of depression (27.7 vs 43.1, P < .01) had significantly lower physical component scores postoperatively.

Patients undergoing 2-stage exchange for PJI have a four times higher prevalence of preoperative depressive symptoms than patients undergoing aseptic revision. Patients undergoing DAIR with depression or preoperative depressive symptoms have lower functional scores postoperatively. Orthopaedic surgeon screening of PJI patients with referral for treatment of depression may help improve outcomes postoperatively.

This study demonstrates that the prevalence of depressive symptoms is greater than 40% in patients undergoing 2-stage ex- change arthroplasty. In addition, patients undergoing DAIR with preoperative depressive symptoms or a preoperative diagnosis of depression have a significantly lower improvement in post-operative physical function. Prior literature has established that surgical outcome could be further improved if orthopaedic surgeons appropriately screened patients undergoing arthroplasty for depressive symptoms and referred them to appropriate care preoperatively. Thus, the results of this study may help in- crease awareness of the high prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients undergoing revision for PJI and ensure that this modifiable risk factor is addressed. Further study is required to prospectively evaluate the role of depression as a modifiable risk factor in the treatment of PJI to help improve outcomes postoperatively.

Reference:

Increased Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in Patients Undergoing Revision for Periprosthetic Joint Infection by Vishal Hegde, et al. published in the Arthroplasty Today.

https://www.arthroplastytoday.org/article/S2352-3441(21)00189-8/fulltext


Arthroplasty TodayPeriprosthetic joint infectionClinical depressionDepressive symptomsTotal joint arthroplastyRevision
Source : Arthroplasty Today
Dr. Shravani Dali
Dr. Shravani Dali

    Dr. Shravani Dali has completed her BDS from Pravara institute of medical sciences, loni. Following which she extensively worked in the healthcare sector for 2+ years. She has been actively involved in writing blogs in field of health and wellness. Currently she is pursuing her Masters of public health-health administration from Tata institute of social sciences. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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