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Study Links Pre-Diagnostic Amino Acid Metabolites to Gout Risk, Suggests Glycine and Glutamine for Future Interventions
![Study Links Pre-Diagnostic Amino Acid Metabolites to Gout Risk, Suggests Glycine and Glutamine for Future Interventions Study Links Pre-Diagnostic Amino Acid Metabolites to Gout Risk, Suggests Glycine and Glutamine for Future Interventions](https://medicaldialogues.in/h-upload/2024/02/26/750x450_233107-gout.webp)
USA: Recent research has unveiled significant insights into the role of amino acid metabolites in predicting the risk of developing gout, potentially paving the way for advanced risk prediction and targeted interventions. This study, utilizing a combination of prospective cohort analysis and Mendelian randomization, highlights the impact of specific pre-diagnostic amino acid metabolites on gout risk, independent of serum urate levels.
The study, published in Arthritis Care & Research, identified several metabolites associated with an increased risk of developing hospitalized gout.
Gout, a painful form of arthritis characterized by high uric acid levels in the blood, is often influenced by various metabolic factors. Traditionally, serum urate levels have been a key marker for assessing gout risk. Natalie McCormick, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, and colleagues prospectively investigated pre-diagnostic population-based metabolome for risk of hospitalized gout (i.e., most accurate, severe, and costly cases), accounting for serum urate.
For this purpose, the researchers conducted pre-diagnostic metabolome-wide analyses on 249,677 UK Biobank participants who underwent NMR metabolomic profiling, measuring 168 metabolites, including eight amino acids, from baseline blood samples collected between 2006 and 2010. Participants had no prior history of gout.
The team calculated multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) for incident hospitalized gout, adjusting for serum urate levels and including non-hospitalized incident gout cases in a sensitivity analysis. Additionally, potential causal effects were assessed using two-sample Mendelian randomization.
The study led to the following findings:
- Correcting for multiple testing, 107 metabolites were associated with incidence of hospitalized gout (N=2735) before urate adjustment, including glycine and glutamine (inversely; HR=0.64 and HR=0.69 between extreme quintiles, respectively), and glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA; HR=2.48).
- Associations remained significant and directionally consistent following urate adjustment (HR=0.83, 0.86, 1.41 between extreme quintiles), respectively; the corresponding HR per SD were 0.91, 0.94, and 1.10.
- Findings persisted when including non-hospitalised incident gout cases.
- Mendelian randomization corroborated their potential causal role on hyperuricemia or gout risk; with changes in urate levels of -0.05 mg/dL, and -0.12 mg/dL, per SD of glycine and glutamine, respectively, and ORs 0.94, and 0.81, for gout.
"These findings highlight the potential of circulating uric acid to act as a pro-aging factor rather than an anti-aging one in this population," the researchers wrote. "Additionally, this research contributes to the expanding evidence suggesting that serum uric acid may be a valuable blood-based biomarker for identifying frailty in older adults."
"These prospective findings, with their causal implications, may pave the way for risk prediction using biomarkers and open up possibilities for supplementation-based interventions involving glycine or glutamine," they concluded.
Reference:
McCormick, N., Joshi, A. D., Yokose, C., Yu, B., Tin, A., Terkeltaub, R., Merriman, T. R., Zeleznik, O., Eliassen, A. H., Curhan, G. C., Ea, K., Nayor, M., Raffield, L. M., & Choi, H. K. Pre-Diagnostic Amino Acid Metabolites and Risk of Gout, Accounting for Serum Urate: Prospective Cohort Study and Mendelian Randomization. Arthritis Care & Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.25420
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751