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  • Early Oral Antivirals...

Early Oral Antivirals Reduce Risk of Post-COVID Condition, Study Finds

Written By : Dr Riya Dave By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2024-06-04T21:00:20+05:30  |  Updated On 5 Jun 2024 11:42 AM IST
Early Oral Antivirals Reduce Risk of Post-COVID Condition, Study Finds
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Researchers have found that the early use of oral antiviral drugs during the acute phase of COVID-19 significantly reduces the risk of developing post-COVID condition (PCC). A recent study was published in the Journal of Infection by Juan Jiang and colleagues. The study highlights the potential of these medications, particularly nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, in mitigating long-term COVID-19 symptoms.

Post-COVID condition (PCC), also known as long COVID, encompasses a range of persistent symptoms following an acute COVID-19 infection. The chronic effects can be debilitating, affecting quality of life and placing additional burdens on healthcare systems. Given the urgency of finding effective treatments to prevent PCC, this study aimed to determine the efficacy of early oral antiviral interventions.

The primary objective of the study was to investigate the association between early administration of oral antiviral drugs, specifically nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and molnupiravir, and the risk of developing PCC. Additionally, the study aimed to compare the efficacy of these two antiviral drugs in reducing PCC risk.

A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, MedRxiv, and Psycinfo, from their inception until November 1, 2023. Studies that assessed the impact of oral antiviral drugs on PCC incidence were included. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and confidence intervals (CIs).

• The meta-analysis included nine observational studies with a total of 866,066 patients.

• Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was evaluated in eight studies, and molnupiravir in two, with one study assessing both drugs.

• The pairwise meta-analysis demonstrated that early use of oral antiviral drugs significantly reduced the risk of PCC, with a risk ratio of 0.77 (95% CI 0.68–0.88).

• The network meta-analysis revealed that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was potentially more effective than molnupiravir in reducing PCC risk, with a surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) of 95.5% compared to 28.8% for molnupiravir.

The findings suggest that early intervention with oral antiviral drugs during the acute phase of COVID-19 can play a crucial role in preventing long-term complications associated with PCC. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, in particular, showed superior efficacy compared to molnupiravir, indicating it may be the preferred choice for reducing the risk of PCC.

The study supports the standardized administration of oral antiviral drugs in non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients according to current guidelines. This approach could significantly decrease the incidence of PCC, improving patient outcomes and reducing the strain on healthcare systems dealing with long COVID cases.

The early administration of oral antiviral drugs, particularly nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, during the acute phase of COVID-19 is effective in reducing the risk of developing post-COVID conditions. These findings underscore the importance of timely antiviral treatment to prevent long-term COVID-19 sequelae and advocate for adherence to current treatment guidelines.

Reference:

Jiang, J., Li, Y., Jiang, Q., Jiang, Y., Qin, H., & Li, Y. (2024). Early use of oral antiviral drugs and the risk of post COVID-19 syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. The Journal of Infection, 106190, 106190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106190

Journal of InfectionPost-COVID conditionPCCoral antiviral drugsnirmatrelvir-ritonavirmolnupiravirCOVID-19long COVIDearly interventionrisk reduction
Source : Journal of Infection
Dr Riya Dave
Dr Riya Dave

    Dr Riya Dave has completed dentistry from Gujarat University in 2022. She is a dentist and accomplished medical and scientific writer known for her commitment to bridging the gap between clinical expertise and accessible healthcare information. She has been actively involved in writing blogs related to health and wellness.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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