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Galectin-3: a prognostic biomarker in patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure

Published On 2021-09-07T07:30:10+05:30  |  Updated On 2021-09-07T07:55:21+05:30
Galectin-3: a prognostic biomarker in patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure

Overview


Galectin-3 can provide important prognostic information in patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure, according to a study published in the Journal of Respiratory Medicine.

Galectin-3 is β-galactoside-binding lectin with several roles in immune-inflammatory response. Recently, Galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, has raised some interest as a potential marker of lung damage and a possible therapeutic target in COVID-19 disease.

Galectin-3 has pleiotropic effects on the immune response: it modulates immune cells lifecycle, angiogenesis and reparative response after lung injury. To date, there is no evidence of Galectin-3 role as a prognostic biomarker in COVID-19 disease.

AndreaPortacci and colleagues from the Institute of Respiratory Disease, Cardio-Thoracic Department, University of Medicine, Bari, Italy aimed to clarify the prognostic role of Galectin-3 in patients with COVID 19 acute respiratory failure.

The team of investigators enrolled 156 consecutive patients with COVID-19 disease. Routine laboratory test, arterial blood gas, chest X-ray or Computed Tomography and Galectin-3 dosage were performed.

The primary outcome was to assess Galectin-3 predictive power for 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes were 30-day Intensive Care Unit admission and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome stratification according to Galectin-3 dosage.

The authors performed Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests for continuous variables comparison. Fisher's exact test or Chi-square test were used for categorical variables analysis.

Receiver Operating Characteristic curves estimated Galectin-3 predictive power for the endpoints. With a fixed cut-off of 35.3 ng/ml, Kaplan-Meier with Log-Rank test and Cox Regression were performed to assess mortality and Intensive Care Unit admission risk.

The findings of the study revealed that Galectin-3 correlated with many other prognostic predictors tested in the present analysis. Moreover, patients with serum levels of Galectin-3 above 35.3 ng/ml had increased risk for mortality, Intensive Care Unit admission and severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

As a result, the authors concluded that Galectin-3 can be used as a predictor of mortality, Intensive Care Unit access and ARDS stratification in patients with COVID 19 acute respiratory failure.

They further inferred that increased Galectin- 3 serum levels are associated with higher risk of death, ICU access and severe ARDS development.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106556


Speakers

Dr. Nandita Mohan

BDS, MDS( Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Dr. Nandita Mohan is a practicing pediatric dentist with more than 5 years of clinical work experience. Along with this, she is equally interested in keeping herself up to date about the latest developments in the field of medicine and dentistry which is the driving force for her to be in association with Medical Dialogues. She also has her name attached with many publications; both national and international. She has pursued her BDS from Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore and later went to enter her dream specialty (MDS) in the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry from Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences. Through all the years of experience, her core interest in learning something new has never stopped. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Galectin-3 prognostic biomarker biomarker Acute respiratory failure COVID-19 Journal of Respiratory Medicine 
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