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Renalase a Novel Biomarker For Diagnosing Renal Injury Due To Blunt Renal Trauma
Kidneys are the most frequently injured organ in the genitourinary system, but there is no specific biological marker for this trauma. In a study, researchers have suggested that renalase levels might be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of renal injury due to blunt renal trauma. The study findings were published in the Journal of Pediatric Urology on September 16, 2021.
Renalase, identified as a new monoamine oxidase enzyme is mainly expressed in the kidney and also found in the heart, small intestine, brain, and skeletal muscle. It has the function of metabolizing catecholamines and their substrates. Renalase may be a descriptive biomarker of the pathology that causes renal ischemia, nephrotoxicity, and acute renal failure. To further explore, Dr Mehmet SaraƧ and his team conducted a study to investigate the role of serum and urine levels of renalase for the diagnosis of renal injury in rats with experimentally induced blunt renal trauma.
In this preclinical study, the researchers included 33-month-old SpragueāDawley adult male rats and divided them into five groups (n = 6) as follows:
ā¦ Control (group 1),
ā¦ Sham (Placebo- group 2),
ā¦ Right nephrectomy (group 3),
ā¦ Left renal trauma (group 4), and
ā¦ Right nephrectomy plus left renal trauma (Group 5).
They acquired serum samples at 3, 24 and 48 h post-trauma and urine samples between 0ā24 and 24ā48 h post-trauma. They further assessed the changes in serum and urine levels of renalase, dopamine, epinephrine, metanephrine, normetanephrine, urea, and creatinine after blunt renal trauma.
Key findings of the study:
- Upon analysis, the researchers observed no significant changes in serum levels of these compounds were observed at 3h post-trauma in Groups 1 and 2 or urine collected sequentially at 0ā24 and 24ā48 h.
- However, they noted that the levels of renalase, dopamine, metanephrine, and normetanephrine in serum increased during hour 3 in Groups 4 and 5.
- Also, they observed an increase in urine levels of renalase, dopamine, epinephrine, metanephrine, and normetanephrine at hours 0ā24 in Groups 4 and 5.
The authors concluded, "A definitive diagnosis of traumatic renal injury in children is made with contrast-enhanced computed tomography. However, the scan results in high doses of radiation exposure to children. Here, we report for the first time that renalase levels may be useful as a biomarker for the diagnosis of renal injury due to blunt renal trauma."
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Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751