Hypophosphatasia patients with genetic predisposition at higher risk of periodontitis and tooth loss than general population

This study evaluated the oral health status of adult patients with hypophosphatasia (HPP).

Parameters of oral health assessment comprised decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMFT) index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level (CAL) as well as documentation of tooth loss and periodontal health status according to CCD/AAP criteria. Findings were compared with national reference data (DMS V survey) reporting oral health status in age-related controls. Within-group comparisons were made between the HPP patients harbouring one versus two alkaline phosphatase liver/bone/kidney type (ALPL) gene variants.

• Of 80 HPP patients (64 female) with a mean age of 46.4 years (range 24–78) and one (n = 55) or two (n = 18) variants (n = 7 lacking testing) within the ALPL gene, those with two variants displayed substantially higher tooth loss rate (14.0 ± 9.3) than those affected by only one ALPL variant (4.1 ± 5.4), who did not differ substantially from healthy DMS V controls.

• While DMFT score and severe periodontal diseases (PDs) of HPP patients with one variant only increased with progressing age, the two-variant sub-cohort age independently exhibited increased DMFT scores and a higher rate of severe PDs.

HPP patients affected by two variants of the ALPL gene exhibited a higher risk of periodontitis and tooth loss than the general population, while patients with one variant developed clinically relevant oral disease symptoms with progressing ageing.

Reference:

Weider, M., Schlagenhauf, U., & Seefried, L. (2022). Oral health status of adult hypophosphatasia patients: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 49( 12), 1253– 1261. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13718

Keywords:

Hypophosphatasia, patients, genetic, predisposition, higher, risk, periodontitis, tooth loss, the general, population, Weider, M., Schlagenhauf, U., & Seefried, L, Journal of Clinical Periodontology