Longitudinal change in periodontal disease status linked with incident diabetes

The presence of periodontal disease (PD) at a single time point has been suggested as a predictor of diabetes risk, but whether changes in periodontal disease status are associated with altered risk of diabetes has yet to be reported on a population scale.

This study investigated whether recovery from or development of periodontal disease in a population is associated with an altered risk for diabetes occurrence.

Data of subjects who received health screening from 2002 to 2007 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service - National Health Screening cohort database of Korea. Patients with a history of diabetes were excluded. Changes in periodontal disease status were determined from the first two health screenings. Study subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the changes of periodontal disease status: PD-free, PD-recovered, PD-developed, and PD-chronic. The outcome was the occurrence of diabetes.

Results:

• Overall, 111,611 subjects were included for analysis. During a median follow-up of 9.10 years, diabetes developed in 6,102 subjects.
• The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for incident diabetes across various periodontal disease change groups (in reference to the PD-free group) were: periodontal disease -chronic group=1.096 periodontal disease -developed group=1.073; PD-recovered group=1.019
• The subjects who recovered from periodontal disease had a lower diabetes risk than those who had consistent periodontal disease, whereas those who developed periodontal disease had a higher risk for diabetes than those who remained periodontal disease -free.

Thus, longitudinal change in periodontal disease status is associated with incident diabetes risk. Future intervention studies are necessary to determine if periodontal disease treatment can prevent incident diabetes.

Reference:

Recovery from chronic periodontal disease is associated with lower risk for incident diabetes by Jung-Hyun Park et al. published in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13687

Keywords:

Recovery, chronic, periodontal, disease, associated, lower, risk, incident, diabetes, jung-Hyun Park, Sun-Hyun Kim, Sun-Jong Kim, Jin-Woo Kim, Journal of Clinical Periodontology