Periodontitis linked with reduced alveolar bone thickness and density

The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar bone density and thickness in Chinese participants with and without periodontitis.

This study was retrospective and cross-sectional in nature and used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate alveolar bone loss, bone density, and bone thickness around 668 mandibular molars (344 periodontally healthy teeth and 324 teeth with periodontitis). Comparative statistical tests were done related to the age, sex, tooth type, tooth side, and degree of bone loss. The significance level was set to be P < .05.

Results:

• The alveolar bone density significantly differed between the healthy and periodontitis groups Similarly, the alveolar bone thickness of the healthy group was significantly higher than that of the periodontitis group
• Teeth in females demonstrated a significantly higher bone density compared with males in both healthy and compromised groups.
• However, males showed a significantly thicker bone of the teeth than females in relation to the healthy group.
• The alveolar bone density and thickness in both healthy and periodontitis groups significantly differed between the first and the second molars (P < .001).
• The alveolar bone thickness had a highly significant difference (P < .001) between the different degrees of bone loss.

Thus, Alveolar bone thickness and density were reduced at periodontally diseased teeth.

Reference:

Abeer A. Al-Sosowa, Mohammed N. Alhajj, Ehab A. Abdulghani, Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, He Zheng, Yunqing Pang, Jing Wang. Three-dimensional Analysis of Alveolar Bone With and Without Periodontitis, Volume 72, Issue 5, 2022, Pages 634-640, ISSN 0020-6539. International Dental Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2022.03.003.

Keywords

Alveolar bone density, Alveolar bone thickness, CBCT, Mandibular molars, Periodontitis, Abeer A. Al-Sosowa, Mohammed N. Alhajj, Ehab A. Abdulghani, Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, He Zheng, Yunqing Pang, Jing Wang, Abeer A. Al-Sosowa, Mohammed N. Alhajj, Ehab A. Abdulghani, Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, He Zheng, Yunqing Pang, Jing Wang, International Dental Journal