Obstructive CAD in young Indians undergoing PCI?
Written By : Dr. Nandita Mohan
Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
Published On 2022-09-29 04:30 GMT | Update On 2022-09-29 04:30 GMT
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In developing countries like India, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have surpassed cancer as the leading cause of death and morbidity. In reference to the United Nations Declaration on Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) in 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined a target of lowering the likelihood of premature death from these by 25% by 2025.
So this retrospective study aimed to explore the prevalence of risk factors and trends of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in Indian females under 45 years of age compared to males of the same age group who underwent PCI procedure at three high-volume centers in India.
Out of 3656 patients who were enrolled for the study, 3.1% of those with obstructive coronary artery disease were young women, while 6.9% were young men. Traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and family history of premature coronary artery disease were equally common in both genders, whereas dyslipidemia overweight smoking and, alcoholism were more common in young males.
The results showed that acute coronary syndrome was the most common clinical presentation. Single- vessel disease was common, with the involvement of the left anterior descending artery as the most common angiographic feature. The prevalence of cardiogenic shock was 4.4% in females and 4.1% in males, while the in-hospital mortality rate was 1.77% in young females and 2% in young males.
Therefore, in conclusion Obstructive coronary artery disease in young men and women accounted for 10% of all coronary artery disease cases requiring percutaneous coronary intervention. Although men account for the majority of patients, coronary artery disease in women under the age of 45 was not uncommon.
Reference:
Pankaj Jariwala, Alwala Padmavathi, Rahul Patil; The prevalence of risk factors and pattern of obstructive coronary artery disease in young Indians (< 45 years) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A gender-based multi-center study, Indian Heart Journal, Volume 74, Issue 4, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2022.07.001.
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