Researchers Examine Heart Risks Tied to Zinc Deficiency

A recent review in Metallomics highlights the emerging role of zinc (Zn) in regulating cardiac inflammation. The authors analyzed mechanistic, observational, and preclinical studies exploring whether zinc deficiency could contribute to inflammatory heart diseases such as myocarditis and pericarditis. While randomized clinical trials are still limited, the evidence suggests that low zinc levels may represent a modifiable risk factor.

Zinc is an essential trace element—only about 2 grams exist in the body—yet it is vital for immune balance, wound healing, and DNA synthesis. Inflammatory heart conditions, often triggered by viral infections (including SARS-CoV-2) or autoimmune reactions, are driven by excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that damage heart tissue. The review suggests zinc may help regulate this response.

Mechanistically, zinc acts in three key ways. First, it suppresses inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB, a protein complex that drives cytokine production. Zinc promotes the expression of A20, a natural “brake” on NF-κB signaling, thereby reducing inflammatory damage. Second, zinc serves as a powerful antioxidant. It is a cofactor for superoxide dismutase which neutralizes harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). Zinc also inhibits NADPH oxidase and supports glutathione production, further limiting oxidative stress.

Third, the review describes the “Redox Zinc Switch,” a process in which oxidative stress releases zinc from proteins. This free zinc acts as a signaling molecule, activating protective pathways that preserve heart cells. However, this mechanism may fail in zinc deficiency.

The authors conclude that maintaining optimal zinc levels—through diet or careful supplementation—may enhance cardiovascular resilience. However, better biomarkers and clinical trials are needed, as both deficiency and excess zinc can disrupt normal physiological balance.

REFERENCE: Lattibeaudiere, K., McFarlane, S., Reid, M., Korichneva, I., & Beattie, J. H. (2026). Zinc: A metallic shield against cardiac inflammation. Metallomics. DOI – 10.1093/mtomcs/mfag004. https://academic.oup.com/metallomics/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mtomcs/mfag004/8499646