Benzoyl Peroxide Acne Treatments May Degrade into Carcinogenic Benzene: Study

Co-investigator Christopher G. Bunick, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology and Program in Translational Biomedicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, explains, “The potential degradation of benzoyl peroxide into benzene has been a topic of concern in dermatology. Our research demonstrates that benzoyl peroxide products can generate benzene at typical room and store shelf temperatures, while cold storage significantly reduces this formation. These findings suggest a need to recommend refrigeration of benzoyl peroxide products throughout the supply chain—from manufacturing to patient use—to limit benzene exposure. Until formulations are developed to prevent benzene formation, refrigeration may serve as a practical solution to minimize unnecessary exposure. Additionally, dermatologists should continue to advise patients on the appropriate use of benzoyl peroxide, including potential risks associated with UV exposure.”

Mass spectrometry methods were used to detect benzene in 111 new, unopened products stored at room temperature on shelves of major US retailers, and the air surrounding them with and without UV exposure. It is the first time benzoyl peroxide drug products have been shown to degrade into benzene via a mechanism other than heat, and furthermore, it shows that benzene formation can occur independently of the starting benzene concentration in new or cold temperature stored benzoyl peroxide drug products.

Reference: Evaluation of Benzene Presence and Formation in Benzoyl Peroxide Drug Products Kucera, Kaury et al. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue 0