14/January/2022 Top Medical Bulletin

Here are todays top medical stories

Antimicrobial prescribing guidance – a must for dental professionals

Dental infections needs immediate attention as they commonly present with symptoms of pain, fever, and swelling. Surgical and endodontic treatments are the early management of infected teeth, followed by antibiotic therapy.  

A study published in the International Journal of Dentistry, suggests comprehensive antimicrobial prescribing guidance should be established for dental professionals. To reduce the complications of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions especially bacterial resistance, comprehensive guidelines should be established.

Dental caries, pulpal necrosis, trauma, and periodontal diseases can result in dental infections which could have severe consequences that affect both soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Some alternative methods also exist for treating infection such as low-level laser therapy and photodynamic therapy. 

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Antimicrobial prescribing guidance must for dental professionals, recommends study

COVID-19 infection may lead to small fiber neuropathy on ocular surface

Covid-19 has larger side affects on the health than expected, worser outcomes are being noted with rise in its variants and adverse effects.

 Study published in the Ocular Surface journal discovered that Sars-CoV-2 infection may cause small fiber neuropathy on the ocular surface, with symptoms and morphological characteristics similar to dry eye disease (DED) and diabetic neuropathy. 

This work was conducted by Alberto Barros and the team with the objective to investigate the relationship between Sars-CoV-2 infection and small fiber neuropathy in the cornea as detected by in vivo corneal confocal imaging.

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COVID-19 infection may lead to small fiber neuropathy on ocular surface: Study

Fourth dose of mRNA-based vaccine may be warranted in some kidney transplant recipients  

Kidney is reportedly the most affected organ in Covid -19 patients worsening their condition to a greater extent. Kidney  transplants have become most common in the pandemic.

Kidney transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive drugs have impaired immune responses to messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines . Consequently, despite standard vaccination with mRNA vaccines, many of these patients remain at high risk for severe disease during the ongoing pandemic.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has authorized immunocompromised people to receive a third dose of mRNA vaccine after the standard 2-dose regimen to further boost protection, and French health authorities approved a third dose on 11 April 2021.

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Fourth dose of mRNA-based vaccine may be warranted in some kidney transplant recipients

Breastfeeding reduces mothers' cardiovascular disease risk 

Breastfeeding is popularly recommended for infants health and immunity, however recent studies have reported to be beneficial to mothers as well. Women who breastfed were less likely to develop heart disease or a stroke, or die from cardiovascular disease than women who did not breastfeed, according to a meta-analysis published today in a pregnancy spotlight issue of the Journal of the American Heart Association(JAHA), an open access, peer-reviewed journal of the American Heart Association.

"We collected information, for instance, on how long women had breastfed during their lifetime, the number of births, age at first birth and whether women had a heart attack or a stroke later in life or not," said first author Lena Tschiderer, Ph.D., a postdoctoral researcher at the Medical University of Innsbruck.

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Breastfeeding reduces mothers' cardiovascular disease risk, review found

Factors Beyond Carbs Might Influence Post Prandial Blood Glucose in Type 1Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Carbohydrates (CHOs) are the main determinants of postprandial glucose response (PGR). Majority of world's diet include carbohydrates as a large proportion in their eating habits. 

A study suggests that nutritional factors other than the amount of carbohydrates significantly influence postprandial blood glucose control. The study findings were published in the Diabetologia on October 23, 2021.

They concluded, "This study shows that nutritional factors other than the amount of carbohydrate significantly influence postprandial blood glucose control. These nutritional determinants vary between breakfast, lunch and dinner, with differing effects on postprandial blood glucose profile and insulin requirements, thus remaining a challenge to HCLSs."

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Factors Beyond Carbs Might Influence Post Prandial Blood Glucose in T1DM Patients