Oxidative Stress in Severe CKD Patients may Mediate Decline in BMD and Osteoporosis Development: Study Finds
Egypt: Researchers have found in a new study that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in stages 3-5, have low bone mineral density (BMD), increasing their risk of osteoporosis (OP). Also, a negative correlation exists between CKD severity and BMD and between oxidative stress (OS) and BMD. OS may contribute to the development of osteoporosis in CKD patients.
The cross-sectional study, published in BMC Nephrology, explored the link between oxidative stress and bone mineral density among Egyptian patients with varying stages of CKD. While osteoporosis is already recognized as a common complication in CKD, the exact role of oxidative stress in driving bone loss has remained uncertain. Samah M. Akab, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, and colleagues aimed to clarify this relationship to guide better prevention strategies.
For this purpose, the researchers conducted a case-control study involving 150 adults with CKD (stages 1 to 5 based on the 2024 KDIGO guidelines) and 150 healthy controls. The CKD participants were categorized into three groups: stages 1–2, 3–4, and stage 5, based on their estimated glomerular filtration rate. Bone mineral density was measured at three sites—lumbar spine, femur neck, and distal radius—using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Additionally, oxidative stress markers, including 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were evaluated, along with paraoxonase-1 (PON1), an indicator of antioxidant defense.
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