COVID-19 has no impact on progression of Multiple Sclerosis: BMJ

A comprehensive study investigated the aftermath of COVID-19 in individuals with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and found reassuring evidence that the virus does not significantly impact disease activity, disability progression, or cognitive function 18–24 months post-infection. The findings were published in Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.

The study was conducted on 174 PwMS with a history of COVID-19 (MS-COVID) from March 2020 to March 2021, compared them to a carefully matched group of 348 PwMS with no COVID-19 history (MS-NCOVID). Parameters such as Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), relapse rates, and changes in disease-modifying therapies were analyzed over the follow-up period.

Results indicated that both MS-COVID and MS-NCOVID groups exhibited similar rates of EDSS worsening, relapses, and changes in treatment plans. Brain MRI data also showed no substantial differences in the development of new lesions between the two groups. Notably, cognitive function, a crucial concern in multiple sclerosis, remained unaffected by a history of COVID-19, with comparable rates of cognitive impairment and similar scores on neuropsychological tests.

Moreover, the study found no disparities in the SARS-CoV-2 immune response between the two groups, suggesting that the cellular immune response to the virus does not exacerbate multiple sclerosis-related issues.

This research provides a crucial understanding of the long-term effects of COVID-19 on individuals already dealing with the complexities of multiple sclerosis. The findings offer a degree of reassurance, indicating that, at least in the observed time frame, COVID-19 does not seem to worsen the trajectory of multiple sclerosis.

The study emphasizes the need for continued vigilance and further investigation. Longitudinal studies will be crucial to monitor any delayed effects or changes beyond the current timeframe. This study contributes significantly to the ongoing dialogue about the varied impacts of COVID-19 on different patient populations and underscores the importance of tailored healthcare approaches for individuals with pre-existing conditions.

Source:

Montini, F., Nozzolillo, A., Tedone, N., Mistri, D., Rancoita, P. M., Zanetta, C., Mandelli, A., Furlan, R., Moiola, L., Martinelli, V., Rocca, M. A., & Filippi, M. (2023). COVID-19 has no impact on disease activity, progression and cognitive performance in people with multiple sclerosis: a 2-year study. In Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (p. jnnp-2023-332073). BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2023-332073