How Aging May Alter Brain Cell Genetic Activity?

Like previous studies, the initial results showed a decrease in the activity of genes associated with neuronal circuits. These decreases were seen in neurons, the primary circuitry cells, as well as in “glial” cells called astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which can support neural signaling by controlling neurotransmitter levels and electrically insulating nerve fibers. In contrast, aging increased the activity of genes associated with the brain’s immunity and inflammatory systems, as well as brain blood vessel cells.

Further analysis helped spot which cell types may be the most sensitive to aging. The cells that appeared to be the most sensitive to aging surround the third ventricle.

Reference: Jin, K., Yao, Z., van Velthoven, C.T.J. et al. Brain-wide cell-type-specific transcriptomic signatures of healthy ageing in mice. Nature (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08350-8