Metformin effectively treats clinical, hormonal and biochemical changes in PCOS: Study
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine condition that affects women of reproductive age. The presence of any two of three features; hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical), ovulatory dysfunction (often manifested by menstrual irregularities), and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) by ultrasound is defined as PCOS by the Rotterdam Consensus.
PCOS is characterized by biochemical and clinical features of menstrual irregularities, excess androgen levels (hirsutism and acne), and polycystic morphology of the ovaries. A high prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, which are drivers of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is commonly seen in women with PCOS. About 40%-50% prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is seen in women with PCOS, compared with the general population. Infertility, increased body weight, endometrial cancer, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are another spectrum of complications associated with PCOS.
A member of the biguanide family, metformin is with proven safety and efficacy that has been proposed drug for PCOS treatment. Restoring ovulation, reducing weight, reducing circulating androgen levels, reducing the risk of miscarriage, and reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus are some of the good deal of effects of metformin in PCOS.
Mondal and Sarkar carried a study aimed to provide the efficacy of metformin on clinical profile and metabolic disorders in women with PCOS attending a tertiary care setting. It was a prospective observational study conducted on 100 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, attending department of gynaecology in a tertiary care setting and were divided into two group of 50 each. Metformin was used in 50 patients for one year. Rest 50 patients were advised about diet control and exercise. The parameters like body mass index (BMI), weight, hormonal imbalance, ovulation, and menstrual changes were analysed in both groups.
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