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Genetics driven Obesity not all that Harmful for Cardiovascular Health

Written By : Dr. Mahalakshmi Sivashankaran |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2023-04-10T10:45:13+05:30  |  Updated On 10 April 2023 12:54 PM IST
Genetics driven Obesity not  all that Harmful for Cardiovascular Health
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Sweden: A recent study published in eClinical Medicine: The Lancet has found that the harmful impact of obesity on cardiovascular health is influenced by environmental factors rather than genetics.

According to evidence, obesity's negative health impacts differ between genetically and environmentally induced obesity. The study examined differences in the association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with a genetically predicted low, medium, or high body mass index (BMI), and

The study analyzed data from Swedish twins born before 1959 who had their BMI measured at midlife or late life and had information on CVD. A polygenic score for BMI (PGSBMI) was used to determine genetically predicted BMI. Excluding individuals with missing data or diagnosed with CVD at the first BMI measure, the study analyzed data from 17,988 individuals.

The association between BMI category and incident CVD was examined using Cox proportional hazard models, stratified by the PGSBMI. Co-twin control models were applied to account for genetic influences not captured by the PGSBMI.

The study concluded with the following clinical takeaways:

  1. 1.The study found that midlife obesity was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in all groups, but the risk was greater in people who had a genetically predicted lower BMI.
  2. 2.Within monozygotic twin pairs, the association did not differ by genetically predicted BMI, indicating genetic confounding not captured by the PGSBMI.
  3. 3.These findings were similar when obesity was measured in late life, but the study had limited power to detect significant differences.

The findings indicate that while obesity was associated with CVD regardless of the PGSBMI category, obesity influenced by genetic predisposition (genetically predicted high BMI) was less harmful than obesity influenced by environmental factors (obesity despite genetically predicted low BMI).

The study’s lead author Dr. Elsa Ojalehto added that “Interventions targeting environmental factors may be more effective than those focused on genetics in reducing the risk of CVD in individuals with obesity. Further research is needed to identify and target specific environmental factors that contribute to the harmful impact of obesity on cardiovascular health.”

Reference:

Ojalehto, E., Zhan, Y., Jylhävä, J., Reynolds, C. A., Dahl Aslan, A. K., & Karlsson, I. K. (2023, April 6). Genetically and environmentally predicted obesity in relation to cardiovascular disease: a nationwide cohort study. eClinicalMedicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101943

cardiovascular healthCVD (cardiovascular disease)obesityBMILancetLancet EClinical Medicineenvironmental factorsgenetic factors
Article Source :  Lancet eClinical Medicine
Dr. Mahalakshmi Sivashankaran
Dr. Mahalakshmi Sivashankaran

    Dr. Mahalakshmi Sivashankaran joined Medical Dialogues as an Intern in 2023. She is a BDS graduate from Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore Batch 2022, and worked as a Junior Resident at VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital at the Department of Dental Surgery till January 2023. She has completed a Diploma in Executive Healthcare management from the Loyola Institute of Business Administration, developing skills in Healthcare Management and Administration. She covers several medical specialties including Dental, ENT, Diagnostics, Pharmacology, Neurology, and Cardiology.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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