Possible Sarcopenia Linked to Higher Cardiovascular Risk among elderly: Study
Researchers have found in a new study that possible sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of new-onset composite cardiovascular disease (CVD), indicating that CVD risk may emerge before progression to definite sarcopenia. Additionally, a longer 5-chair stand test (5-CST) time correlated with higher CVD risk, with sex-specific differences in association.
Sarcopenia, an age-related condition, has an unclear association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to analyze whether sarcopenia and its individual components are associated with new-onset CVD in middle-aged and older adults. Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, with sarcopenia defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The primary outcome was composite CVD, comprising heart disease and stroke. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Fine-Gray subdistribution hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs), subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs), and 95% CIs. A total of 10 649 participants (mean age 64.5±10.7 years, 47.6% male) were included. During mean follow-up of 4.60±1.06 years, there were 1649 (15.5%) cases of new-onset CVD. Possible sarcopenia was linked to increased new-onset composite CVD risk (HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.06-1.37]; SHR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.05-1.35]), whereas sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia showed no association. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed that 5-time chair stand test (5-CST) was associated with new-onset composite CVD, with significant sex-specific interaction (P-for-interaction=0.001). Compared with 5-CST≤9.0 s, higher risk of new-onset composite CVD was observed in men for 9.0 s<5-CST≤15.0 s (HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.16-1.59]; SHR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.15-1.56]) and 5-CST>15.0 s (HR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.65-2.90]; SHR, 2.00 [95% CI, 1.53-2.63]). Among women, 5-CST>8.5 s had higher risk of new-onset composite CVD compared with 5-CST≤8.5 s (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.09-1.45]; SHR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.09-1.43]). Possible sarcopenia was associated with increased risk of new-onset composite CVD, suggesting that progression to definite sarcopenia may not parallel cardiovascular risk. Longer 5-CST was linked to higher risk of new-onset composite CVD, with sex-specific association.
Reference:
Chen Y, Zhong Z, Prokopidis K, Gue Y, McDowell G, Liu Y, Ditchfield C, Alobaida M, Huang B, Lip GYH. Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five-Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Jun 18:e040099. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.040099. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40530516.
Keywords:
Possible, Sarcopenia, Linked, Higher, Cardiovascular, Risk, among, elderly, Study, Journal of the American Heart Association, 5‐time chair stand test; all‐cause mortality; cardiovascular disease; heart disease; sarcopenia; stroke, Chen Y, Zhong Z, Prokopidis K, Gue Y, McDowell G, Liu Y, Ditchfield C, Alobaida M, Huang B, Lip GYH
