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Mucosal lesions and taste disorders common in COVID-19 patients, reports study

Written By : Dr Satabdi Saha |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2021-09-23T09:00:54+05:30  |  Updated On 23 Sept 2021 9:01 AM IST
Mucosal lesions and taste disorders common in COVID-19 patients, reports study
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In an interesting review analysis, researchers have highlighted that taste alterations are a prevalent oral manifestation in COVID 19 patients .The team further elaborated that oral mucosal lesions presented multiple clinical aspects, including white and erythematous plaques, irregular ulcers, small blisters, petechiae, and desquamative gingivitis. Tongue, palate, lips, gingiva, and buccal mucosa were affected. The reports have been published in the Journal of Dental Research.

It has now been well established that coronavirus invades human cells via the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Cells with ACE2 receptor distribution may become host cells for the virus and cause inflammatory response in related organs and tissues, such as the tongue mucosa and salivary glands. SARS-CoV-2 interaction with ACE2 receptors may also impair taste bud sensitivity,which could induce dysfunctional gustatory responses.

However,it is still uncertain whether these manifestations could be a typically clinical pattern resulting from the direct SARS-CoV-2 infection or a systemic consequence, given the possibility of coinfections, impaired immune system, and adverse reactions of medical treatment.

The recent study aimed to summarize evidence on the prevalence of oral signs and symptoms in patients with COVID-19. For the study design,Studies published in any language mentioning oral symptoms and signs in patients with COVID-19 were included. After a 2-step selection, 40 studies were included: 33 cross-sectional and 7 case reports. Overall, 10,228 patients (4,288 males, 5,770 females, and 170 unknown) from 19 countries were assessed.

Results revealed some key facts.

  • Gustatory impairment was the most common oral manifestation, with a prevalence of 45%. The pooled eligible data for different taste disorders were 38% for dysgeusia and 35% for hypogeusia, while ageusia had a prevalence of 24%.
  • Taste disorders were associated with COVID-19, mild/moderate severity , and female patients .
  • Oral mucosal lesions presented multiple clinical aspects, including white and erythematous plaques, irregular ulcers, small blisters, petechiae, and desquamative gingivitis.
  • Tongue, palate, lips, gingiva, and buccal mucosa were affected. In mild cases, oral mucosal lesions developed before or at the same time as the initial respiratory symptoms; however, in those who required medication and hospitalization, the lesions developed approximately 7 to 24 d after onset symptoms. Therefore, taste disorders may be common symptoms in patients with COVID-19 and should be considered in the scope of the disease's onset and progression.
  • Oral mucosal lesions are more likely to present as coinfections and secondary manifestations with multiple clinical aspects.

Observing the results, the team concluded that, "Our results suggest different susceptibility or response to SARS-CoV-2 symptoms from different populations, given that the North American population presented a taste disorder prevalence of 53%, European 50%, and Asians 27%.

The Asian population also presented a lower prevalence than the world- wide pooled prevalence (45%), affirming the fact that that Asians presented a distinct expression of ACE2 receptor as compared with Americans. The oral examination in patients with COVID-19 should not be neglected but rather encourage a multidisciplinary approach that includes dentist professionals."

For full article follow the link: Amorim Dos Santos J, Normando AGC, Carvalho da Silva RL, Acevedo AC, De Luca Canto G, Sugaya N, Santos-Silva AR, Guerra ENS. Oral Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review. J Dent Res. 2021 Feb;100(2):141-154. doi: 10.1177/0022034520957289. Epub 2020 Sep 11. PMID: 32914677.

Source: Journal of Dental Research


gustatory dysfunctioncoronavirus infectionoral lesionJournal of Dental Research
Source : Journal of Dental Research
Dr Satabdi Saha
Dr Satabdi Saha

    Dr Satabdi Saha (BDS, MDS) is a practicing pediatric dentist with a keen interest in new medical researches and updates. She has completed her BDS from North Bengal Dental College ,Darjeeling. Then she went on to secure an ALL INDIA NEET PG rank and completed her MDS from the first dental college in the country – Dr R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital. She is currently attached to The Marwari Relief Society Hospital as a consultant along with private practice of 2 years. She has published scientific papers in national and international journals. Her strong passion of sharing knowledge with the medical fraternity has motivated her to be a part of Medical Dialogues.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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