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  • Afternoon exercise...

Afternoon exercise best for blood sugar control in those at diabetes risk: Study

Written By : MD Bureau |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2021-01-30T11:15:35+05:30  |  Updated On 30 Jan 2021 11:21 AM IST
Afternoon exercise best for blood sugar control in those at diabetes risk: Study
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The circadian clock and metabolism are tightly intertwined. Hence, the specific timing of interventions that target metabolic changes may affect their efficacy.

Researchers have found in a new study that individuals at risk of diabetes who exercised in the afternoon had better blood sugar control and lost more belly fat compared to those who exercised in the morning. Men at high risk of type 2 diabetes who worked out between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m. for 12 weeks significantly improved their average insulin sensitivity, which helped them have better blood sugar control, compared with those who worked out between 8 a.m. and 10 a.m. The findings suggest that the timing of an exercise training session is a crucial environmental cue when aiming to improve blood sugar control in metabolically compromised subjects and elucidates that performing afternoon exercise training might be more optimal than exercising at morning hours.

The research has been published in the journal Physiological Reports on 23 December 2020.

The circadian rhythmicity is regulated by a central clock, which is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), but also by multiple peripheral molecular clocks, located in distal organs such as skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. While the central clock is entrained by daily light-dark cycles, the peripheral molecular clocks are robustly entrained by non‐photic environmental signals (zeitgebers) such as exercise and feeding. Previous studies have shown that a rapid day-night shift, as a model for shiftwork or jetlag, leads to disturbed glucose homeostasis and skeletal muscle insulin resistance in humans, illustrating the indisputable role that central and peripheral molecular clocks play in regulating systemic energy homeostasis. As such, integrating different external cues at optimal times can potentially be used to improve metabolic health. However, the effect of the timing of exercise was not previously analyzed. Therefore, researchers of the Maastricht University Medical Center, Netherlands, conducted a study to compare the metabolic health effects of morning versus afternoon exercise training in metabolically compromised subjects enrolled in a 12‐week exercise training program.

It was a retrospective comparative study on 32 adult men who were at risk for or diagnosed with type 2 diabetes performed 12 weeks of supervised exercise training either in the morning (8.00–10.00 a.m., N = 12) or in the afternoon (3.00–6.00 p.m., N = 20). Researchers assessed the before, during, and after 12 weeks of exercise training maximal workload (Wmax) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) during a graded cycling test with ECG monitoring until exhaustion. They used dual X‐ray absorptiometry to assess body composition.

Key findings of the study were:

♦ After 12 weeks, researchers found that compared to participants who trained in the morning, participants who trained in the afternoon experienced better effects on

• Peripheral insulin sensitivity (+5.2 ± 6.4 vs. −0.5 ± 5.4 μmol/min/kgFFM),

• Insulin‐mediated suppression of adipose tissue lipolysis (−4.5 ± 13.7% vs. +5.9 ± 11%),

• Fasting plasma glucose levels (−0.3 ± 1.0 vs. +0.5 ± 0.8 mmol/l),

• Exercise performance (+0.40 ± 0.2 vs. +0.2 ± 0.1 W/kg) and

• Fat mass (−1.2 ± 1.3 vs. −0.2 ± 1.0 kg, p = .03).

♦ They also found that exercise training in the afternoon also tended to elicit superior effects on basal hepatic glucose output.

The authors concluded, "Our findings suggest that metabolically compromised subjects may reap more pronounced metabolic benefits from exercise training when this training is performed in the afternoon versus morning".Our findings suggest that the timing of an exercise training session is a crucial environmental cue when aiming to improve blood sugar control in metabolically compromised subjects and elucidates that performing afternoon exercise training might be more optimal than exercising at morning hours

For further information:

https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.14814/phy2.14669


timing of exercisephysical activityPhysiological ReportsAfternoon exercisecontrol blood sugar
Article Source :  Physiological Reports
MD Bureau
MD Bureau

    Medical Dialogues Bureau consists of a team of passionate medical/scientific writers, led by doctors and healthcare researchers.  Our team efforts to bring you updated and timely news about the important happenings of the medical and healthcare sector. Our editorial team can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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