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Higher TyG Index Linked to Increased H. pylori Infection Risk and Mortality: Study
China: A higher triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index was significantly linked to an elevated risk of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and all-cause mortality among those with the infection, compared to those without, a recent study has revealed.
"Each increase in the TyG index was associated with a greater risk of H. pylori infection, with an odds ratio of 1.189," the researchers reported in Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.
The TyG index is a measure derived from triglyceride and glucose levels that is increasingly recognized for its potential role in assessing metabolic health and predicting cardiovascular risk. However, research into the potential link between the TyG index and mortality, particularly among individuals with H. pylori infection, has been limited. To fill this knowledge gap, Lili Huo, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, and colleagues seek to examine the relationship between the TyG index and H. pylori infection and determine whether H. pylori infection mediates the association between TyG index levels and all-cause mortality.
For this purpose, the researchers used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018, involving a final sample of 2,187 participants. They employed univariable and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses to explore the relationship between H. pylori infection and relevant covariates.
To evaluate the association between the TyG index and all-cause mortality among individuals with or without H. pylori infection, they implemented Cox regression analysis and restricted cubic spline analysis.
The following were the key findings of the study:
- There was a significant positive correlation between the TyG index and an elevated risk of H. pylori infection [OR 1.157]. This correlation persisted even after adjusting for confounding factors [OR 1.189].
- In patients with positive H. pylori infection, a noteworthy nonlinear correlation between the TyG index and all-cause mortality was identified.
- With an increase in the TyG index, all-cause mortality exhibited a corresponding rise, particularly following adjustment for all potential confounding factors.
- In patients with negative H. pylori infection, there was no significant association between the TyG index and all-cause mortality after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
The findings showed that a higher TyG index was associated with an increased risk of H. pylori infection. Participants in the higher quantile of the TyG index had a greater risk of all-cause mortality than those in the same quantile who were H. pylori-positive, as opposed to H. pylori-negative participants.
"The study's observational design limits causality inference, necessitating confirmation through larger prospective studies. Additionally, NHANES participants may not represent the global population, raising questions about the applicability of our findings to diverse ethnic groups," the researchers concluded.
Reference:
Zhu, XY., Xiong, YJ., Meng, XD. et al. Association of triglyceride-glucose index with helicobacter pylori infection and mortality among the US population. Diabetol Metab Syndr 16, 187 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-024-01422-9
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751