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Metformin continuation before coronary angiography safe in diabetes patients
![Metformin continuation before coronary angiography safe in diabetes patients Metformin continuation before coronary angiography safe in diabetes patients](https://medicaldialogues.in/h-upload/2022/12/26/750x450_194989-metformin.webp)
Italy: Metformin continuation throughout the periprocedural period in diabetes patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography did not increase lactate level or result in renal function decline, a recent study in Cardiovascular Diabetology has shown.
The findings suggest that suspending use of metformin before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary angiography is not necessary.
The study found that in diabetes patients without high-risk features for metformin accumulation, the continuation of metformin after and before coronary angiography without PCI led to similar preprocedural and 72-h lactate levels. CA-AKI risk was low; no patients needed hemodialysis during the index hospitalization or mid-term follow-up.
In diabetes patients, metformin is the most common hypoglycemic drug prescribed worldwide. Discontinuing metformin before invasive coronary angiography has become a common practice despite a lack of data; this is due to an alleged risk of Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis (M-ALA) and is usually limited to patients at increased metformin accumulation risk.
Against the above background, Mauro Chiarito from Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele in Milan, Italy, and colleagues aimed to assess the safety of metformin continuation in patients with diabetes undergoing coronary angiography in terms of a significant increase in lactate levels in an open-label, prospective, multicentre, single-arm trial (NO-STOP).
For enrollment, the researchers screened all diabetes patients undergoing coronary angiography with or without PCI at three European centres. A rise in lactate levels from preprocedural levels at 72-h following the procedure was noted (primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints included M-ALA, contrast associated-acute kidney injury (CA-AKI), and all-cause mortality.
One hundred forty-two patients with diabetes on metformin therapy were included. The median preprocedural lactate level was 1.8 mmol/l.
The study led to the following findings:
- Lactate levels at 72 h following coronary angiography were 1.7 mmol/l, with no remarkable differences compared to preprocedural levels.
- In one patient, 72-h levels of ≥ 5 mmol/l were seen, but no cases of M-ALA were reported.
- CA-AKI occurred in 6.1% of patients, and median serum creatinine and estimated GFR (glomerular filtration rate) remained the same throughout the periprocedural period.
- At a median follow-up of 90 days, no patients required hemodialysis, and two died due to non-cardiac causes.
Metformin continuation before PCI and coronary angiography is not linked with increased lactate levels or renal function decline in diabetic patients without high-risk features for its accumulation, such as severe chronic kidney disease or severely reduced EF (ejection fraction).
"Our findings suggest that metformin suspension before coronary angiography and PCI is unnecessary," the researchers wrote. "The present research expands the little evidence on the metformin continuation safety in patients undergoing PCI and coronary angiography.
Reference:
Chiarito, M., Sanz-Sanchez, J., Piccolo, R. et al. Safety of metformin continuation in diabetic patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography: the NO-STOP single arm trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol 22, 28 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01744-4
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751