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HCV viremia and HIV coinfection Increase Maternal transmission of HCV, Study finds
New research revealed that pregnant women with detectable Hepatitis C viremia have an increased incidence of maternal-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the virus. The risk is further elevated if the carrying mother has a viral load ≥6 log10 copies/ml or HIV coinfection. The study was published in the 'Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.'
Mother-to-Child transmission of Hepatitis C virus infection is less common. But it can increase in case of increased viral load. To find the factors increasing the mother-to-child transmission of HCV, researchers conducted a study to assess the association between maternal hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral load and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection and the risk for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) among pregnant women infected with HCV.
Using keywords, a literature search was done in various databases like Medline, Embase, Central, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE), Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science (CPCIS), Scopus, Literature Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), and WHO Global Index Medicus databases, from inception to June 21, 2022. All the studies that reported the incidence of HCV-MTCT were included. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using the random-effects model and Holm-Bonferroni correction was performed for multiple pooled associations.
Results
- 26 studies involving 4934 newborns with maternal HCV infection were included.
- Pregnant women with HCV viremia exhibited an increased risk for MTCT compared with those negative for HCV-RNA.
- Multiple subgroup analyses revealed that the HCV viremia/HIV-positive group demonstrated the highest risk for HCV MTCT, followed by the HCV viremia mono-infected group, while HCV-RNA-negative women demonstrated the lowest risk for HCV MTCT.
- Among females with HCV viremia, elevated risk for MTCT was found among subjects with a viral load ≥6 log10 copies/ml compared to those with a viral load < 6 log10 copies/ml.
Thus, the researchers concluded from the meta-analysis that MTCT of HCV was increased among pregnant women with detectable HCV viremia. It was much high in those with a viral load ≥6 log10 copies/ml and with HIV coinfection.
To read the full article, click here: https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.15998
Deng S, Zhong W, Chen W, Zilian Wang MD. Hepatitis C viral load and mother-to-child transmission: a systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2022 Sep 6]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol.
BDS, MDS
Dr.Niharika Harsha B (BDS,MDS) completed her BDS from Govt Dental College, Hyderabad and MDS from Dr.NTR University of health sciences(Now Kaloji Rao University). She has 4 years of private dental practice and worked for 2 years as Consultant Oral Radiologist at a Dental Imaging Centre in Hyderabad. She worked as Research Assistant and scientific writer in the development of Oral Anti cancer screening device with her seniors. She has a deep intriguing wish in writing highly engaging, captivating and informative medical content for a wider audience. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751