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  • Antibiotics may lessen...

Antibiotics may lessen effectiveness of hormonal contraception

Written By : Hina Zahid |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2020-08-19T04:30:43+05:30  |  Updated On 19 Aug 2020 2:08 PM IST
Antibiotics may lessen effectiveness of hormonal contraception
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Antibiotics may lessen the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, finds an analysis of unwanted side effects associated with the combined use of these drugs, and published in BMJ Evidence Based Medicine.

Women on the Pill should be advised to take extra precautions to avoid unintended pregnancy, when prescribed antibiotics, advise the researchers.

Suspicions that antibiotics, particularly those that cover a wide range of bacteria, known as broad spectrum antibiotics, might reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, date back to 1973. Since then several anecdotal reports have also implicated various antibiotics in weakening the effects of hormonal contraceptives.

Published studies have either suggested that antibiotics and hormonal contraceptives don't mix, but haven't provided conclusive evidence, or have concluded that there isn't any evidence of interference.

Current advice, which is based on a few small studies, is that antibiotics, other than those that prompt the production of certain enzymes, don't interfere with hormonal contraceptives.

To explore this further, the researchers drew on reports of suspected unwanted drug side effects, known as 'Yellow Cards', flagged up by clinicians and the public to the UK's drug and medical devices regulator, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).

They compared the number of unintended pregnancies reported in 74,623 Yellow Cards for antibiotics in general and in 32,872 for enzyme-inducing drugs with those reported in 65,578 other types of drugs.

There were 6 unintended pregnancies in the Yellow Card reports of other drugs, equivalent to 9/100,000 of the population; 46 in the antibiotic reports (62/100,000); and 39 in the enzyme inducing drug reports (119/100,000).

Compared with the other types of drug, unintended pregnancies were 7 times more common in Yellow Card reports of antibiotics and 13 times more common in reports of enzyme-inducing drugs, which included some antibiotics. Congenital birth defects were also reported 7 times more often in enzyme-inducing drug Yellow Cards.

The researchers caution that it's impossible to calculate absolute risks from the data presented. The risk will also vary from woman to woman according to her physiological make-up and circumstances, so is highly unlikely to apply universally.

But they conclude: "This evidence suggests there is an interaction of antibacterial drugs with hormonal contraceptives, which can potentially impair the effectiveness of the contraceptives.

"The precautionary principle dictates that women taking hormonal contraceptives should be advised to take extra contraceptive precautions when a short course of an antibacterial drugs is added."

For more details click on the link: https://ebm.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjebm-2020-111363

bmj evidence based medicinehormonal contraceptionantibioticsyellow cardspectrum antibiotics
Source : BMJ Evidence Based Medicine
Hina Zahid
Hina Zahid

    Hina Zahid Joined Medical Dialogue in 2017 with a passion to work as a Reporter. She coordinates with various national and international journals and association and covers all the stories related to Medical guidelines, Medical Journals, rare medical surgeries as well as all the updates in the medical field. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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