FDA Approves Lumateperone for Major Depressive Disorder
The FDA has approved lumateperone (Caplyta) as an adjunctive therapy with antidepressants for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults, according to Johnson & Johnson. The drug was already approved for use as both adjunctive therapy and monotherapy in bipolar I and II depression, as well as for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults.
MDD, or clinical depression, is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, affecting about 22 million American adults.4,5 While oral antidepressants may offer relief for some, 2 in 3 people living with MDD continue to experience residual symptoms despite treatment, significantly impacting their overall quality of life.6 Beyond its toll on patients’ wellbeing, MDD has a substantial economic burden and is the leading cause of disability in the U.S.7
“Depression is a complex disorder that affects each person differently, underscoring the urgent need for a range of effective and well-tolerated treatment options,” said Roger S. McIntyre, M.D., FRCPC, Professor of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto.a “For people who are still experiencing lingering depressive symptoms while on an antidepressant, adding CAPLYTA® to a patient’s treatment regimen may offer early improvement, with the potential for remission—the ultimate goal of treatment.”
This approval is based on positive results from two Phase 3, global, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials – Study 501 and 502 – which both met their primary and key secondary endpoints, providing statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in depression symptoms compared to an oral antidepressant plus placebo, as measured by Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Clinical Global Impression Scale-Severity index (CGI-S) total scores.
A large separation in total MADRS score was seen between CAPLYTA® and placebo in Study 501 (-4.9 points, effect size 0.61) and Study 502 (-4.5 points, effect size 0.56), at six weeks. Separation from placebo was seen as early as one week in Study 501 and two weeks in Study 502. Significant reductions in the key secondary endpoint of mean change in total CGI-S scores from baseline were also demonstrated at six weeks in Study 501 (-0.7 points, effect size 0.67) and Study 502 (-0.5 points, effect size 0.51).
In pivotal trials, the CAPLYTA® safety profile was consistent with the existing body of clinical data in its schizophrenia and bipolar depression I and II indications. No new safety concerns were identified. Weight gain and metabolic changes (lipid and glucose levels), as well as akathisia and restlessness, were similar to placebo. Reports of sexual side effects were not common. The most common side effects of CAPLYTA® include sleepiness, dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, feeling tired, and diarrhea.
“Major depressive disorder affects millions of Americans, impacting how a person feels, thinks, and acts,” said Michael Pollock, CEO of Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance (DBSA). “DBSA believes that all individuals have the right to direct their own treatment, and we understand that for many people, ongoing antidepressant therapy alone may not offer meaningful relief. The introduction of new treatment options, and continued innovation in mental health, has enabled us to reset expectations for living with depression and offers people hope that achieving lasting wellness and remission is possible.”
Long-term data, evidenced by the 503 open-label extension safety study, showed CAPLYTA® was safe and well tolerated, consistent with the safety profile of Studies 501 and 502. Patients experienced low risk of weight gain, cardiometabolic effects, and extrapyramidal symptoms.8 CAPLYTA® also demonstrated the potential to help patients achieve remission. During this 26-week safety study, 80% of patients responded to treatment and 65% of patients experienced remission (defined as MADRS Total score ≤ 10) at 6 months.
Although its exact mechanism of action is unknown, CAPLYTA® is characterized by high serotonin 5-HT2A receptor occupancy and moderate amounts of dopamine D2 receptor occupancy at therapeutic doses. CAPLYTA® does not need dose titration, allowing patients to start treatment at the effective dose of 42 mg.
“CAPLYTA® has the potential to become a new standard of care across multiple mental health disorders, including major depressive disorder,” said Bill Martin, Ph.D., Global Therapeutic Area Head, Neuroscience, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine. “This approval is a testament to our nearly 70-year commitment of bringing innovative and differentiated therapies that redefine treatment expectations—and introduce the possibility of remission—to patients living with some of today’s most prevalent and debilitating mental health conditions.”
This additional FDA approval builds upon the established, robust clinical efficacy and proven real-world safety profile of CAPLYTA® for the treatment of adults living with schizophrenia and for the treatment of depressive episodes associated with bipolar I or II disorder.
A supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for CAPLYTA® with long-term data evaluating the safety and efficacy of the medication for the prevention of relapse in schizophrenia was recently submitted to the FDA. The medication is also being studied for other neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. CAPLYTA® is not FDA-approved for these disorders.
