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FDA approves first immunotherapy for treatment of gastric cancer

Dr. Kamal Kant KohliWritten by Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2021-04-17T07:45:13+05:30  |  Updated On 2021-04-17T13:23:19+05:30
FDA approves first immunotherapy for treatment of gastric cancer
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved first immunotherapy for the first-line treatment of gastric cancer. Opdivo (nivolumab), in combination with certain types of chemotherapy has been approved for the initial treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Opdivo is a monoclonal antibody that...

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved first immunotherapy for the first-line treatment of gastric cancer. Opdivo (nivolumab), in combination with certain types of chemotherapy has been approved for the initial treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Opdivo is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits tumor growth by enhancing T-cell function

The Food and Drug Administration has granted approval to Bristol-Myers Squibb Company.

There are approximately 28,000 new diagnoses of gastric cancer each year in the U.S. With currently available therapy, overall survival is generally poor; the rate of cure with resection is very low and the survival rate for all stages is 32%. The 5-year survival rate for advanced or metastatic gastric cancer is 5%.

"Today's approval is the first treatment in more than a decade to show a survival benefit for patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer who are being treated for the first time," said Richard Pazdur, M.D., director of the Oncology Center of Excellence of food and drug administration and acting director of the Office of Oncologic Diseases in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "The food and drug administration is committed to bringing new safe and effective treatment options like Opdivo to patients with advanced cancer."

The efficacy of Opdivo was evaluated in a randomized, multicenter, open-label trial of 1,581 patients with previously untreated advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The 789 patients who received Opdivo in combination with chemotherapy, on average, lived longer than the 792 patients who received chemotherapy alone. Median survival was 13.8 months for patients who received Opdivo plus chemotherapy compared to 11.6 months for patients who received chemotherapy alone.

The most common side effects of Opdivo in combination with chemotherapy include peripheral neuropathy (damage to the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord), nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, constipation and musculoskeletal pain. Opdivo can cause serious conditions known as immune-mediated side effects, including inflammation of healthy organs such as the lungs (pneumonitis), colon (colitis), liver (hepatitis), endocrine glands (endocrinopathies) and kidneys (nephritis). Patients should tell their healthcare providers if they have immune system problems, lung or breathing problems, liver problems, have had an organ transplant, or are pregnant or plan to become pregnant before starting treatment.

Opdivo received Priority Review and Orphan Drug designations for this indication. Priority Review designation directs overall attention and resources to the evaluation of applications for drugs that, if approved, would be significant improvements in the safety or effectiveness of the treatment, diagnosis or prevention of serious conditions when compared to standard applications. Breakthrough Therapy designation is a process designed to expedite the development and review of drugs that are intended to treat a serious condition and preliminary clinical evidence indicates that the drug may demonstrate substantial improvement over available therapy on a clinically significant endpoint(s).

Opdivo immunotherapy treatment gastric cancer food and drug administration nivolumab fda-approval FDA 
Source : FDA
Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor-in-Chief for the Speciality Medical Dialogues section. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Before Joining Medical Dialogues, he has served at important positions in the medical industry in India including as the Hony. Secretary of the Delhi Medical Association as well as the chairman of Anti-Quackery Committee in Delhi and worked with other Medical Councils in India. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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