Can inflammation related diseases increase risk of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction?
Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (PANDO) has long been a concern for patients, impacting their ocular health. A recent retrospective case-control study conducted by Clalit Health Services in Israel delves into the intricate associations between PANDO and various inflammatory conditions. The findings shed light on the multifaceted nature of PANDO, revealing significant connections with ocular surface, eyelid, upper airway, and systemic inflammatory-related diseases.
This study was published in the journal Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology by Kerber and colleagues. To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for inflammatory conditions among patients with PANDO. 60,726 patients diagnosed with PANDO, with an average age of 63 years, 63% female. A case-control approach matching controls according to year of birth, sex, and ethnicity.
The key findings of the study were:
Ocular Surface and Eyelid Conditions:
Chronic conjunctivitis showed a significant association with PANDO (OR 2.96).
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis and blepharitis exhibited notable connections (OR 2.89 and 2.75, respectively).
Upper Airway Conditions:
Rhinitis, chronic sinusitis, and deviated nasal septum were significantly associated with PANDO (OR 1.62, 1.71, and 1.76, respectively).
Systemic Conditions:
Asthma and atopic dermatitis showed significant associations with PANDO (OR 1.34 and 1.36, respectively).
This comprehensive study underscores the intricate relationship between PANDO and inflammatory-related diseases affecting the ocular surface, eyelids, upper airway, and systemic health. The identified associations provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of PANDO, emphasizing the role of inflammation. Recognizing these links can contribute to a more holistic understanding of PANDO and guide clinicians in developing tailored management strategies.
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