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Four loading doses of aflibercept injections significantly improve macular fluid resolution in AMD patients: Study
A recent study investigated the effectiveness of four loading doses of aflibercept against three on macular fluid resolution and visual acuity (VA) in patients with exudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). The key findings of this study were published in the Eye journal.
This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included treatment-naive nAMD eyes which received either three or four loading doses of aflibercept. This research extensively measured the changes in VA and fluid resolution on optical coherence tomography (OCT) by 8 weeks post-loading. The primary outcome focused on the proportion of patients with no intraretinal (IRF) and/or subretinal fluid (SRF) in the central 1 mm and the entire macula. The continuous variables were summarized using mean ± SD and the categorical variables were presented as n (%).
Out of the 995 patients analyzed, 355 eyes received four loading doses, while 640 eyes received three loading doses. The results expressed a clear advantage for the group which received four injections. By eight weeks post-loading, the proportion of eyes with neither IRF nor SRF at the fovea was 62.8% for the eyes that received four doses when compared to 56.1% for the three-dose group. The absence of IRF was 88.7% when compared to 87.9%, and SRF was absence at the fovea in 79.2% against 69.9% for the four and three-dose groups, respectively. When considering the entire macula, fluid resolution was also higher in the four-dose group. These differences were statistically significant (p = 0.0001) that indicated four loading doses of aflibercept are more effective in resolving macular fluid both at the fovea and across the whole macula.
Increase in visual acuity did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups amidst the improved fluid resolution with four loading doses. The mean change in VA was +4.0 (±11.3) letters for the three-dose group and +5.4 (±13.3) letters for the four-dose group (p = 0.09). This suggests that while four doses may lead to enhanced fluid resolution this does not completely translate into significantly better short-term VA outcomes. Overall, the outcomes of this study suggest that four loading doses of aflibercept result in a increased proportion of eyes with total fluid resolution in both the central subfield and the total macular scan when compared to three loading doses at 8 weeks following the loading.
Source:
Chandra, S., Raimondi, R., Lim, A., Mohan, A., Melmane, S., Menon, G., Chandran, M., Sivaprasad, S., Burton, B. J. L., & Kotagiri, A. (2024). The effect of four loading intravitreal aflibercept injections on macular fluid in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration. In Eye. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03214-x
Neuroscience Masters graduate
Jacinthlyn Sylvia, a Neuroscience Master's graduate from Chennai has worked extensively in deciphering the neurobiology of cognition and motor control in aging. She also has spread-out exposure to Neurosurgery from her Bachelor’s. She is currently involved in active Neuro-Oncology research. She is an upcoming neuroscientist with a fiery passion for writing. Her news cover at Medical Dialogues feature recent discoveries and updates from the healthcare and biomedical research fields. She can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751