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  • Novel Blood-Based...

Novel Blood-Based Assay distinguishes Seropositive and seronegative RA patients from other inflammatory diseases.

Written By : Dr.Niharika Harsha B |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2023-11-28T10:00:05+05:30  |  Updated On 28 Nov 2023 12:38 PM IST
Rheumatoid arthritis associated with higher rate of heart failure
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In a groundbreaking development, scientists have unveiled a novel blood-based assay that shows promise in accurately differentiating individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from healthy controls and those with various inflammatory conditions. The novel assay showed high specificity and maintained sensitivity in seronegative individuals. This breakthrough addresses a significant challenge in current medical practices, where distinguishing between seropositive and seronegative RA remains a complex task.

The study results were presented in the recent ACR Convergence 2023 on November 15, 2023.

Also Read: Stopping TNF inhibitors increases flares and lowers remission rates for RA patients in remission

Current medical practices face challenges in effectively distinguishing between seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other conditions. Hence, researchers conducted a study to assess the practicality of a novel blood-based assay in clinically differentiating individuals with RA from healthy controls and those with various conditions, such as osteoarthritis (OA) and inflammatory disorders. The study, conducted on 89 individuals meeting the stringent 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for RA, aimed to assess the clinical feasibility of this innovative blood test. The participants included 29 healthy controls, 12 individuals with osteoarthritis, and 61 individuals with inflammatory conditions. Plasma samples underwent processing using a sophisticated chromatin enrichment assay, enabling access to tissue and disease-specific genetic signatures. The probabilistic estimates for the presence or absence of the disease were assessed by using a machine-learning algorithm that identified the synovial signatures in blood plasma.

Findings:

Among the total, 70% were seropositive, 30% were seronegative, and 96% were biologically naive.

The blood test exhibited exceptional overall accuracy for distinguishing RA from non-RA, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.991.

Sensitivity, crucial for identifying true positives, stood at an impressive 90.8%, demonstrating the test's ability to correctly identify RA patients.

Overall specificity, measuring the ability to correctly identify true negatives, reached 96.1%.

Notably, the assay maintained a high sensitivity of 83.7% in individuals with seronegative RA, a subgroup where traditional diagnostic challenges often arise.

Across Comparator Conditions:

The blood test showcased remarkable specificity across various comparator conditions:

80.0% for

psoriatic arthritis.

88.3% for

osteoarthritis.

92.2% for

psoriasis.

95.4% for

ankylosing spondylitis.

100% for

healthy controls, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis.


Also Read: Aesthetic Medicine procedures safe among patients of Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

These results indicate that the non-invasive blood test effectively differentiates between RA and non-RA conditions, offering a significant leap forward in diagnostic accuracy. Importantly, the test's specificity remained consistently high across diverse comparator cohorts, including individuals with osteoarthritis and various inflammatory conditions.

While these findings hold great promise, the researchers emphasize the importance of further research to validate and confirm these results in independent studies. This innovative blood test could revolutionize the diagnostic landscape for RA, providing a more accurate and less invasive method for identifying and distinguishing this complex autoimmune condition. The potential impact on patient care and outcomes is substantial, marking a significant stride towards precision medicine in rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.

Further reading: A Novel Blood-Based Assay Differentiates Seropositive and Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis from Healthy Individuals and Those with Other Inflammatory Diseases or Osteoarthritis. ACR Convergence 2023

American College of RheumatologyACRrheumatoid arthritisblood assayGenomics and Proteomics
Source : ACR Convergence 2023
Dr.Niharika Harsha B
Dr.Niharika Harsha B

    BDS, MDS

    Dr.Niharika Harsha B (BDS,MDS) completed her BDS from Govt Dental College, Hyderabad and MDS from Dr.NTR University of health sciences(Now Kaloji Rao University). She has 4 years of private dental practice and worked for 2 years as Consultant Oral Radiologist at a Dental Imaging Centre in Hyderabad. She worked as Research Assistant and scientific writer in the development of Oral Anti cancer screening device with her seniors. She has a deep intriguing wish in writing highly engaging, captivating and informative medical content for a wider audience. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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