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Chronic and severe depression linked to persistent cognitive dysfunction
Recent study conducted by Matcham and team showed that there is a connection between chronic depression severity and persistent cognitive difficulty. The findings of this study were published in Psychological Medicine.
Working memory, executive function, attention, and processing speed deficiencies are among the cognitive impairments seen in major depressive disorder (MDD), which may be linked to psychomotor slowness, anhedonia, and poor mood. Depression episodes frequently include and are followed by cognitive symptoms. The relationship between self-reported and performance-based cognition and depression and functional outcomes is poorly understood. The purpose of the current study is to characterize how cognitive problems persist in MDD patients and determine whether there is a correlation between subjective and objective measurements of these problems.
A planned naturalistic observational clinical cohort study of 623 people with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) is the subject of this secondary analysis. Every 3 months, participants performed cognitive function evaluations based on performance and self-report, as well as validated tests of depression, functional impairment, and self-esteem. The maximum follow-up period for participants was two years. To determine if ongoing cognitive challenges are associated with levels of depression and functional impairment during follow-up, multilevel hierarchically nested modeling was used to analyze between- and within-participant variation across time.
The key findings of this study were:
1. 508 people (81.5%) gave information. Throughout the follow-up, there was a correlation between rising levels of depression and functional impairment and self-reported cognitive problems that persisted.
2. People with high persistence of objective cognitive difficulties (>75% of timepoints) reported substantially greater degrees of depression and functional impairment over time compared to those with modest persistence (25% of timepoints).
3. According to analysis of the individual cognitive modules, executive function impairment is linked to lower functioning and slow processing speed is especially significant for escalating depression symptoms.
Reference:
Matcham, F., Simblett, S. K., Leightley, D., Dalby, M., Siddi, S., Haro, J. M., Lamers, F., Penninx, B. W. H. J., Bruce, S., Nica, R., Zormpas, S., Gilpin, G., Narayan, V. A., Hotopf, M., & Wykes, T. (2022). The association between persistent cognitive difficulties and depression and functional outcomes in people with major depressive disorder. In Psychological Medicine. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291722003671
Neuroscience Masters graduate
Jacinthlyn Sylvia, a Neuroscience Master's graduate from Chennai has worked extensively in deciphering the neurobiology of cognition and motor control in aging. She also has spread-out exposure to Neurosurgery from her Bachelor’s. She is currently involved in active Neuro-Oncology research. She is an upcoming neuroscientist with a fiery passion for writing. Her news cover at Medical Dialogues feature recent discoveries and updates from the healthcare and biomedical research fields. She can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751