Ridge preservation may reduce ridge resorption in sockets of periodontally compromised teeth

The study is published in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology.

The resorption of bone following extraction may present a significant problem in implant and restorative dentistry. Ridge preservation is a technique whereby the amount of bone loss is limited.

Hence, Heithem Ben Amara and colleagues from the Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Translational Research Laboratory for Tissue Engineering (TTE), School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea conducted this study to verify whether ridge preservation is effective in the reduction of dimensional loss and in bone formation compared to spontaneous healing in extraction sockets of periodontally compromised teeth.

The authors studied a total of twenty‐six subjects requiring tooth extraction for stage III/IV periodontiti all of whom were randomly assigned to one of two interventions: alveolar ridge preservation using collagenated bovine bone mineral and a resorbable collagen membrane (test, RP) or spontaneous healing (control, SH).

Six months later, postoperative cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed to measure the linear and volumetric changes of the sockets compared to baseline scans. Biopsies were retrieved at the implant site for histomorphometric calculations. Nonparametric tests were applied for statistical analysis.

The following findings were highlighted-

a. Significantly less shrinkage occurred in RP compared to SH, mainly in the crestal zone.

b. The width loss difference between groups was 3.3 mm and 2.2 mm at 1 mm and 3 mm below the crest, respectively (p<0.05).

c. RP yielded a gain in socket height of 0.25 mm, whereas a loss of ‐0.39 mm was observed in SH (p<0.05).

d. The percentage of volume loss recorded in RP was also less than that recorded in SH (‐26.53% vs ‐50.34, p<0.05).

e. Significantly less bone proportion was detected in biopsies from RP (30.1%) compared with SH (53.9%).

f. A positive association between baseline bone loss and ridge shrinkage was found in SH but not in RP.

Therefore, the researchers concluded that "ridge preservation in extraction sockets of periodontally compromised teeth was effective in reducing the amount of ridge resorption."