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Distal radial artery lowers risk of hematomas, occlusion: JACC
![Distal radial artery lowers risk of hematomas, occlusion: JACC Distal radial artery lowers risk of hematomas, occlusion: JACC](https://medicaldialogues.in/h-upload/2022/11/25/750x450_192026-distal-radial-access.webp)
Italy: Distal radial artery (DRA), compared with conventional radial access (RA), reduces the risk of higher-grade hematomas and radial artery occlusion (RAO), according to findings from a new meta-analysis published in JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions.
Coronary access through the distal radial artery for interventional procedures also has some challenges, such as requiring a longer time for radial artery cannulation and sheath insertion, a higher access site crossover, and more puncture attempts.
Major vascular complications and bleeding are reported in 1% and 0.2% of patients undergoing transradial coronary angiography and intervention, respectively.
Radial artery occlusion is the most common nonbleeding vascular complication seen with RA access. RAO's incidence varies widely across studies, partly due to differences in technique and partly due to variable ascertainment; it often goes noticed in clinical practice. Hematoma is the most common bleeding complication reported in trials, albeit with variable definition and ascertainment. The Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary Arteries (EASY) grading system classifies hematomas as I, II, III, IV, and V.
Giuseppe Ferrante, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy, and colleagues conducted the study to provide a quantitative appraisal of the DRA effects compared to conventional radial access for coronary angiography with or without intervention.
Radial artery occlusion (RAO) was the primary endpoint at the longest available follow-up. For this purpose, the researchers searched online databases for randomized controlled trials comparing DRA with conventional RA for coronary angiography and intervention. Data pooling by meta-analysis was done using a random-effects model. Fourteen studies enrolling 6,208 participants were included.
The authors reported the following findings:
- DRA was associated with a significantly lower risk of RAO compared with conventional RA, either detected at the latest follow-up (risk ratio [RR]: 0.36; number needed to treat [NNT] = 30) or in-hospital (RR: 0.32; NNT = 28), as well as EASY (Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary Arteries) ≥II hematoma (RR: 0.51; NNT = 107).
- DRA was tied to a higher risk of access site crossover (RR: 3.08; NNT = 12), a longer time for a radial puncture (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 3.56), a longer time for sheath insertion (SMD: 0.37), and a higher number of puncture attempts (SMD: 0.59).
The study stated that DRA compared with conventional RA, is tied to lower risks of EASY ≥II hematoma and radial artery occlusion but needs more extended time for radial artery cannulation and sheath insertion, a higher access site crossover, and more puncture attempts.
Reference:
Ferrante G, Condello F, Rao SV, et al. Distal vs conventional radial access for coronary angiography and/or intervention: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv. 2022;15:2297-2311.
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751