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Nitrous oxide safe for dental procedures in children with Sickle cell disease: Study
Nitrous oxide (N2O) can be safely used for dental care in children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), according to a recent study published in the Journal Pediatric dentistry.
Sickle cell anaemia is one of a group of disorders known as sickle cell disease. Sickle cell anaemia is an inherited red blood cell disorder in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout your body. Normally, the flexible, round red blood cells move easily through blood vessels.
Nitrous oxide (N2O), more commonly referred to as laughing gas, is a mild sedative agent that safely and effectively manages pain and anxiety during dental treatment. The colourless and odourless nitrous oxide is mixed with oxygen and inhaled through a small mask that fits over your nose. Patients are asked to breathe normally and should feel the effects of the laughing gas within minutes. Contrary to its name, laughing gas does not necessarily make you laugh. NitrousBrittaney Hill 1, Marcio A da Fonseca 2, Lewis L Hsu oxide slows down your nervous system to make you feel less inhibited. You may feel light-headed, tingly, or even heaviness in your arms or legs. Ultimately, you should be calm and comfortable throughout the procedure. You might even giggle a time or two.
The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the safety of nitrous oxide (Nâ‚‚O) during dental procedures in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).
Patients three to 15 years of age received Nâ‚‚O with oxygen (Nâ‚‚O:Oâ‚‚) during their dental procedure in a university pediatric dental clinic between March 2019 and December 2020. Blood oxygen levels were monitored via pulse oximetry throughout the visit. Caregivers received a follow-up call to assess for postoperative complications.
The results of this study are:
Twenty-three patients were enrolled. The duration of Nâ‚‚O sedation was 20 to 50 minutes. Oxygenation levels during (P<0.001) and after (P=0.004) the procedure were higher than for baseline. No adverse effects were reported in the three days after Nâ‚‚O use.
Thus, the researchers concluded that following dental guidelines for sedation, treatment with up to a 50:50 mixture of nitrous oxide with oxygen increased blood oxygen levels and did not cause postoperative complications in children with sickle cell disease. This is the first formal study confirming the safety of nitrous oxide use in the dental care of SCD patients.
Reference:
Nitrous Oxide for Dental Procedures in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Pilot Study by Brittaney Hill et al. published in the Journal Pediatric dentistry.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34937620/
Dr. Shravani Dali has completed her BDS from Pravara institute of medical sciences, loni. Following which she extensively worked in the healthcare sector for 2+ years. She has been actively involved in writing blogs in field of health and wellness. Currently she is pursuing her Masters of public health-health administration from Tata institute of social sciences. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751