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Which Perinatal risk factors are tied to developmental coordination disorder in extremely preterm infants?
Sweden: In children born extremely preterm, the risk of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is multifactorial and associated with gestational age, primarily mediated by maternal factors, ROP, preeclampsia, mechanical ventilation, and the administration of postnatal steroids, says a recent study.
These risk factors were frequent in children born extremely preterm contributing to their high developmental coordination disorder risk. The study findings appeared in the Acta Paediatrica journal.
Children born extremely preterm commonly have developmental coordination disorders. Jenny Bolk from Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden, and colleagues aimed to evaluate perinatal risk factors for DCD.
The Swedish national cohort study included 226 children born before 27 gestational weeks without significant neurodevelopmental disabilities at 6.5 years. Perinatal risk factors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. The outcome was developmental coordination disorder, defined as ≤5th percentile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition.
The authors reported the following findings:
- DCD was present in 37.2% of the children.
- Of the risk factors known at 40 weeks gestation, independent and significant risk factors for DCD were: preeclampsia (odd ratio [OR] 2.79); mother's age at delivery (1.73); mother born in a non-Nordic country (2.23); gestational per week increase (0.70) and retinopathy of prematurity (2.48).
- Of factors known at discharge, mechanical ventilation (1.76) and postnatal steroids exposure (2.24) were independent risk factors when added to the model in separate analyses.
"Developmental coordination disorder risk in children born extremely preterm was multifactorial and linked with gestational age largely mediated by maternal factors, ROP, mechanical ventilation, administration of postnatal steroids, and preeclampsia," the authors wrote in their study. "These risk factors are common in children born extremely preterm, leading to their high DCD risk."
About Developmental Coordination Disorder
Developmental coordination disorder, also called dyspraxia, is a condition that affects physical coordination. It reduces a child's performance in daily activities for their age, and they appear clumsy. The disorder is reported to be around 3 or 4 times more common among boys than girls, and sometimes it runs in families.
It delays the normal ability of children to achieve the milestones of standing, sitting up, talking, and walking at predictable ages.
Patients with DCD generally have normal intelligence. However, DCD, sometimes called "clumsy child syndrome", might cause others to think that people with this condition are unintelligent or inept because of their inability to perform basic tasks. This condition can be considered a childhood disorder, but the effects of DCD continue into adulthood.
Reference:
The study titled, "Perinatal risk factors for developmental coordination disorder in children born extremely preterm," was published in the journal Acta Paediatrica.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.16651
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751