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Chloroquine use linked to serious psychiatric side effects: study
Chloroquine may be associated with serious psychiatric side effects, even in patients with no family or personal history of psychiatric disorders, according to a new review.
The authors have published the review in BioScience Trends.
Chloroquine, an anti-malarial drug has been approved as an emergency treatment for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States and Europe. Contradictory results have been reported about their efficacy against COVID-19 and potentially serious adverse effects(AEs), such as cardiac, kidney, liver, and ophthalmologic effects, have been reported in studies.
In this study, the researchers aiming to investigate neuropsychiatric adverse events (AEs) using a large self-reporting database, conducted a disproportionality analysis for the detection of neuropsychiatric AE signals associated with the use of chloroquine (or hydroxychloroquine), reported to FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database between the fourth quarter of 2012 and the fourth quarter of 2019
As the incidence of psychiatric adverse effects with the use of chloroquine is till date, unclear, in the absence of high-quality, randomized placebo-controlled trials of its safety, a data-based review analysis was conducted for the detection of neuropsychiatric AE signals associated with the use of chloroquine (or hydroxychloroquine).
The key findings have been highlighted below.
- The study sample included 2,389,474 AE cases, among which 520 cases developed neuropsychiatric AE following the use of chloroquine
- Exposure to chloroquine was associated with a statistically significant high reporting of amnesia, delirium, hallucinations, depression, and loss of consciousness, (lower 95% confidence interval of the adjusted ROR > 1), although the degree of increase in their ROR was limited.
- There was no statistically significant high reporting of any other neuropsychiatric AE, including suicide, psychosis, confusion, and agitation.
Researchers believed that Chloroquine-induced psychiatric symptoms can occur in patients with no familial predisposition or personal mental disorders. The frequency of these symptoms does not seem to be related to the cumulative dose or the duration of treatment.
" However, the onset of psychosis and other potentially serious effects is usually sudden, and while this typically occurs during the early days to weeks of treatment, there may be delayed recognition of more subtle psychiatric symptoms, which may persist even after stopping the drug. While such persistence has been attributed to chloroquine's extremely long half-life (10–30 days), long-term psychiatric effects extending beyond the drug's persistence in the body cannot be excluded." authors wrote.
For more details click on the link: 10.5582/bst.2020.03082
Dr Satabdi Saha (BDS, MDS) is a practicing pediatric dentist with a keen interest in new medical researches and updates. She has completed her BDS from North Bengal Dental College ,Darjeeling. Then she went on to secure an ALL INDIA NEET PG rank and completed her MDS from the first dental college in the country – Dr R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital. She is currently attached to The Marwari Relief Society Hospital as a consultant along with private practice of 2 years. She has published scientific papers in national and international journals. Her strong passion of sharing knowledge with the medical fraternity has motivated her to be a part of Medical Dialogues.
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751