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  • Lipoprotein (a) risk...

Lipoprotein (a) risk factor and potential target for Chronic Kidney Disease, unravels study

Dr.Niharika Harsha BWritten by Dr.Niharika Harsha B Published On 2025-02-25T20:15:00+05:30  |  Updated On 25 Feb 2025 8:15 PM IST
Lipoprotein (a) risk factor and potential target for Chronic Kidney Disease, unravels study
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A recent study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that high plasma lipoproteins can cause chronic kidney disease by impairing kidney function.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the most common diseases globally. Impaired kidney disease is one of the common causes of CKD and individuals with CKD have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and early death. Previous statements from the European Society have found that individuals with chronic kidney disease and impaired kidney function have increased levels of plasma lipoproteins. Increased levels of plasma lipoproteins cause stenosis of various arteries in the body like coronary, carotid, and renal. However, there was ambiguity on whether impaired kidney disease causes increased plasma lipoproteins or vice versa. Hence, researchers conducted a 1-sample Mendelian randomization study to test if high plasma lipoprotein(a) is genetically associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease.

Also Read: SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin has Heart and kidney benefits among patients across all age categories: Study

The study was conducted by drawing blood samples involving individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study. The study's primary endpoint was patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 at baseline or who died of chronic kidney insufficiency. Restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the relationship between lipoprotein(a) levels and the risk of chronic kidney disease. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions were used to find the odds of chronic kidney disease.

Findings:

  • Higher lipoprotein levels were associated with a higher risk of chronic kidney disease
  • Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models found that a stepwise higher risk of CKD was associated with stepwise higher lipoprotein levels
  • On a continuous scale, lower KIV-2 repeats were associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease.
  • The observational analysis found that for every 50 mg/dL (105 nmol/L) higher lipoprotein level, the multivariable-adjusted OR for chronic kidney disease was 1.25
  • Variable analysis showed that, for people with genetically increased levels of lipoproteins by 50mg/dl, the genetic causal risk of chronic kidney disease was 1.30.
Also Read: Smartphone-based recreational therapy effectively reduces fatigue in hemodialysis patients, claims study

Thus, the Mendelian randomization study strongly emphasizes the association between high plasma lipoprotein(a) levels and impaired kidney function as observed in general studies and genetic analysis. The authors also suggested lipoprotein lowering therapies which can play a protective role in preventing CKD.

Further reading: High Lipoprotein(a) as a Cause of Kidney Disease: A Population-Based Mendelian Randomization Study. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2024.08.059.

Take home points:

  • Chronic kidney diseases are common global diseases
  • Impaired kidney disease is one of the causes of CKD
  • High lipoproteins are observationally and genetically associated with an increased risk of CKD
Journal of the American College of CardiologySofie Bay SimonyKidney DiseaseLipoprotein(a)
Source : Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Dr.Niharika Harsha B
Dr.Niharika Harsha B

    BDS, MDS

    Dr.Niharika Harsha B (BDS,MDS) completed her BDS from Govt Dental College, Hyderabad and MDS from Dr.NTR University of health sciences(Now Kaloji Rao University). She has 4 years of private dental practice and worked for 2 years as Consultant Oral Radiologist at a Dental Imaging Centre in Hyderabad. She worked as Research Assistant and scientific writer in the development of Oral Anti cancer screening device with her seniors. She has a deep intriguing wish in writing highly engaging, captivating and informative medical content for a wider audience. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

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