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ATS releases new guideline on community-acquired pneumonia
USA: The American Thoracic Society (ATS) has released the latest clinical practice guideline on community-acquired pneumonia. The guideline, published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, addresses the use of nucleic acid-based testing for non-influenza viral pathogens.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a heterogeneous illness caused by a wide range of respiratory pathogens, prominently including viruses. However, the only viral pathogen addressed by the 2019 clinical practice guideline was influenza. The panel determined that, given the increasing recognition of non-influenza viral causes of CAP and the expanded availability of diagnostic tests among clinicians, it was necessary to update the previous guideline to help guide treatment.
The guideline was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation or GRADE framework. The panel made the following recommendations regarding the use of nucleic acid-based viral diagnostic testing for viral pathogens other than influenza in patients with suspected CAP:
- In outpatients with suspected CAP, we suggest not performing routine nucleic acid-based testing of respiratory samples for viral pathogens other than influenza.
- In hospitalized patients with suspected CAP, we suggest nucleic acid-based testing of respiratory samples for viral pathogens other than influenza only in patients who meet one of the following conditions:
- Patients with severe CAP (i.e., patients with >1 major or >3 minor criteria [2]) and
- Immunocompromised patients (including those with neutropenia, those undergoing active cancer therapy, those with a history of solid-organ or blood component transplantation, those with advanced HIV disease, or those with a history of chronic use of immunosuppressive medications, including systemic corticosteroids).
"Molecular diagnostics for lung infections are rapidly evolving. We will continue to monitor developments to determine when additional updates are appropriate," noted guideline panelists Scott Evans and Charles Dela Cruz. "We also look forward to reviewing more literature that directly link the use of molecular diagnostics on important outcomes, such as death, morbidity, antimicrobial drug use patterns, and costs."
Reference;
"Nucleic Acid–based Testing for Noninfluenza Viral Pathogens in Adults with Suspected Community-acquired Pneumonia: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline," is published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
DOI: https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.202102-0498ST
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751